Class Ia phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) mediate cell and tissue growth downstream of insulin, IGF-1 and other growth factors. Impairments in the ability of insulin to stimulate PI3K in liver and muscle results in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, while genetic aberrations that result in hyper-activation of PI3K in epithelial tissues results in cancers. Activating mutations in PIK3CA, the gene encoding the p110? catalytic subunit of PI3K, are among the most frequent oncogenic occurrences in epithelial cancers, and inactivating mutations in PTEN, the phosphatase that degrades the lipid product of PI3K is among the most frequent tumor suppressor mutations. Previous research funded by this grant has helped to elucidate the biochemical mechanism by which PI3Ks are activated downstream of insulin and other growth factors and to define the downstream signaling pathway that control cell growth. However, much remains to be discovered. During the next granting period we will attempt to explain some recent surprising discoveries about regulation of PI3K in disease states.
The first aim i s evaluate the role of the PI-3, 4-P2 4-phosphatase, INPP4B in cellular regulation and tumor formation. During the previous granting period we discovered that INPP4B acts as a tumor suppressor in breast and ovarian cancers by dephosphorylating the lipid, PI-3, 4-P2. We will characterize mice with germline deleted and floxed-INPP4B in regard to tumor formation in the context of BRCA1 and TP53 deletions. We have also observed dramatic enhancement in macrophage phagocytosis in the INPP4B knockout mice and will further characterize the role of INPP4B in macrophage biology.
The second aim i s to evaluate the role of the p85 subunit of Class 1a PI3Ks in BRD7 function. Recently we discovered that the regulatory subunit of PI3K (p85?) forms a tight complex with the bromo-domain protein, BRD7, a protein that mediates p53- dependent stress responses. We will further characterize the BRD7/p85 complex and determine its role in p53 and swi/snf regulation of gene expression.
The final aim i s to evaluate the role of novel mutations in PIK3CA and PIK3R1 in endometrial cancers. We and others have found that while breast cancer have very high rates of mutations in the catalytic and helical domains of PIK3CA (H1047R and E545K) endometrial cancers have unusually high rates of mutations in the N-terminal p85-binding domain of PIK3CA (especially R88Q), an event rarely seen in breast cancer. Endometrial cancers also have frequent mutations in the gene encoding p85? (PIK3R1). We will attempt to understand the biochemical mechanism by which these mutations contribute to endometrial cancers.

Public Health Relevance

Defects in insulin-dependent stimulation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) result in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes while activating mutations in PI3K result in cancers. More than twenty investigational drugs that target PI3K are currently in cancer clinical trials. The goal of this grant is to understand how PI3K is activated by insulin an growth factors and to determine how mutations in the gene encoding PI3K cause cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM041890-29
Application #
9116865
Study Section
Cellular Signaling and Regulatory Systems Study Section (CSRS)
Program Officer
Barski, Oleg
Project Start
1990-04-01
Project End
2017-05-31
Budget Start
2016-06-01
Budget End
2017-05-31
Support Year
29
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
060217502
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
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Hopkins, Benjamin D; Pauli, Chantal; Du, Xing et al. (2018) Suppression of insulin feedback enhances the efficacy of PI3K inhibitors. Nature 560:499-503
Croessmann, Sarah; Sheehan, Jonathan H; Lee, Kyung-Min et al. (2018) PIK3CA C2 Domain Deletions Hyperactivate Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Generate Oncogene Dependence, and Are Exquisitely Sensitive to PI3K? Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 24:1426-1435
Liu, Hui; Murphy, Charles J; Karreth, Florian A et al. (2018) Identifying and Targeting Sporadic Oncogenic Genetic Aberrations in Mouse Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 8:354-369
Waldhart, Althea N; Dykstra, Holly; Peck, Anderson S et al. (2017) Phosphorylation of TXNIP by AKT Mediates Acute Influx of Glucose in Response to Insulin. Cell Rep 19:2005-2013
Thorpe, Lauren M; Spangle, Jennifer M; Ohlson, Carolynn E et al. (2017) PI3K-p110? mediates the oncogenic activity induced by loss of the novel tumor suppressor PI3K-p85?. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:7095-7100
Gupta, Amit; Anjomani-Virmouni, Sara; Koundouros, Nikos et al. (2017) PARK2 Depletion Connects Energy and Oxidative Stress to PI3K/Akt Activation via PTEN S-Nitrosylation. Mol Cell 65:999-1013.e7
Mathur, Deepti; Stratikopoulos, Elias; Ozturk, Sait et al. (2017) PTEN Regulates Glutamine Flux to Pyrimidine Synthesis and Sensitivity to Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibition. Cancer Discov 7:380-390
Lee, Ho-Joon; Jedrychowski, Mark P; Vinayagam, Arunachalam et al. (2017) Proteomic and Metabolomic Characterization of a Mammalian Cellular Transition from Quiescence to Proliferation. Cell Rep 20:721-736
Matulonis, U A; Wulf, G M; Barry, W T et al. (2017) Phase I dose escalation study of the PI3kinase pathway inhibitor BKM120 and the oral poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib for the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian and breast cancer. Ann Oncol 28:512-518

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