EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED. The post genomic era promises to revolutionize science and medicine through a detailed understanding of biology at the molecular and system levels. As our fundamental knowledge of the underlying biochemical causes of various human ailments rapidly improves, an ever increasing emphasis will be placed on personalized treatments, better monitoring of patients during the course of therapy, and point-of-care diagnostics. Advances in these emerging fields will depend on biosensor technologies that are portable, easy to use, and can display high detection sensitivity, accuracy, analysis speed, and throughput. Here we propose a basic research program in biomolecular sensing that is inspired by the functioning physicochemical principles of intrasterically regulated natural enzymes. The proposed biosensor element is modular in design and is based on specific covalent attachment of an enzyme to its small molecule inhibitor through an allosteric tether. Upon interaction of the tether with its complement (nucleic acid, peptide, or protein), the ensuing conformational change activates the enzyme by liberating the inhibitor from its active site. The activated enzyme complex, through substrate turnover, serves as a built-in signal amplifier of the molecular recognition event. The utility of this novel concept has already been established in the design of a highly sensitive one- step detection of specific DNA sequences (Preliminary Results section). The proposed research program seeks to further advance and optimize this new sensing methodology.
The specific aims of the proposed research program are: I. To design and characterize improved variants of the Inhibitor-DNA-Enzyme (IDE) chimera through rational modifications of the enzyme attachment site, DNA tether structure and size, and the covalent structure of the inhibitor. II. To design IDEs for rapid detection of biologically relevant genetic markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). III. To explore the generality of the intrasterically regulated enzyme chimera in protein detection by engineering an Inhibitor-Peptide-Enzyme (IPE) chimera for recognition of GP-41 in the HIV virus. PERFORMANCE SITE ========================================Section End===========================================

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM067170-03
Application #
6832871
Study Section
Medicinal Chemistry Study Section (MCHA)
Program Officer
Lograsso, Philip
Project Start
2003-01-01
Project End
2006-12-31
Budget Start
2005-01-01
Budget End
2005-12-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$333,689
Indirect Cost
Name
Scripps Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
781613492
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037
Picuri, John M; Frezza, Brian M; Ghadiri, M Reza (2009) Universal translators for nucleic acid diagnosis. J Am Chem Soc 131:9368-77
Gianneschi, Nathan C; Ghadiri, M Reza (2007) Design of molecular logic devices based on a programmable DNA-regulated semisynthetic enzyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 46:3955-8
Saghatelian, Alan; Guckian, Kevin M; Thayer, Desiree A et al. (2003) DNA detection and signal amplification via an engineered allosteric enzyme. J Am Chem Soc 125:344-5