Biological macromolecules such as proteins and DNA are essential for every life form on earth. Studies of these molecules are dependent on our ability to selectively capture them from complex biological mixtures. Antibodies have been the most widely used for selective protein and peptide capture with applications for industrial protein purification, basic biomedical research and in clinical diagnostics. Antibodies however exhibit characteristics that limit their applications. This proposal is involved with developing robust synthetic polymers for selective capture of peptides and proteins. These substances have important applications for separations, for use in biosensors, neutralization of toxins and for the development of biomedical diagnostics. The non- biological approach of molecular imprinting is used to create specific recognition sites in robust network polymers. Protein and peptide recognition is achieved by identifying an exposed domain (epitope) of the target protein, a unique nine amino acid sequence. The peptide epitope is used as the imprint molecule. We are developing two general methods for preparing imprinted polymers for protein and peptide capture, imprinted polymer films and nanosize imprinted polymer particles. Imprinted films are prepared by covalently attaching the peptide epitope to a glass or silicon surface. Monomers are then polymerized on these surfaces to produce a molecularly imprinted polymer film (MIP). Following separation from the functionalized surface, the polymer film is evaluated for its ability to capture the target protein from protein mixtures. Two methods for the preparation of MIP nanoparticles are being developed, precipitation polymerization and suspension polymerization. In these systems, epitopes are introduced with monomers in the polymerization reaction. Following isolation and dialysis, the nanoparticles are evaluated for protein and peptide affinity and specificity. In both polymer formats, films and nanoparticles, the capture is achieved under native conditions. Molecular imprinting is one of the few general, non-biological methods for creating molecular receptors. The choice of short epitopes focuses on developing capture agents for the primary structure of the peptide rather than the more complex secondary and tertiary structure of a target protein and is similar to the use of peptide fragments to generate epitope selective antibodies and synthetic materials. In addition, the capture conditions were designed to be compatible with the native protein structure. It utilizes the sequences of exposed epitopes based on known or predicted protein structure. This method requires only the peptide sequence of a small portion of the target protein for the template molecule;it does not use or need whole protein. As such, this approach provides opportunities for the capture of target proteins based only on genomic information.

Public Health Relevance

Antibodies are important reagents that are used in biomedical research, in diagnosis of diseases, and in treatment of such diseases as infections and cancer. Antibodies are produced by cell lines or clones obtained from animals that have been immunized with the substance that is the target of study. We propose to develop a method for producing robust, inexpensive, non-biological polymer antibodies that can be used as substitutes for native antibodies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM080506-04
Application #
8213449
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry A Study Section (SBCA)
Program Officer
Fabian, Miles
Project Start
2009-01-01
Project End
2013-12-31
Budget Start
2012-01-01
Budget End
2013-12-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$231,512
Indirect Cost
$59,994
Name
University of California Irvine
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
046705849
City
Irvine
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92697
Yoshimatsu, Keiichi; Yamazaki, Tomohiko; Hoshino, Yu et al. (2014) Epitope discovery for a synthetic polymer nanoparticle: a new strategy for developing a peptide tag. J Am Chem Soc 136:1194-7
Yonamine, Yusuke; Yoshimatsu, Keiichi; Lee, Shih-Hui et al. (2013) Polymer nanoparticle-protein interface. Evaluation of the contribution of positively charged functional groups to protein affinity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5:374-9
Lee, Shih-Hui; Hoshino, Yu; Randall, Arlo et al. (2012) Engineered synthetic polymer nanoparticles as IgG affinity ligands. J Am Chem Soc 134:15765-72
Yoshimatsu, Keiichi; Lesel, Benjamin K; Yonamine, Yusuke et al. (2012) Temperature-responsive ""catch and release"" of proteins by using multifunctional polymer-based nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 51:2405-8
Yonamine, Yusuke; Hoshino, Yu; Shea, Kenneth J (2012) ELISA-mimic screen for synthetic polymer nanoparticles with high affinity to target proteins. Biomacromolecules 13:2952-7
Zeng, Zhiyang; Patel, Jiten; Lee, Shih-Hui et al. (2012) Synthetic polymer nanoparticle-polysaccharide interactions: a systematic study. J Am Chem Soc 134:2681-90
Hoshino, Yu; Koide, Hiroyuki; Furuya, Keiichi et al. (2012) The rational design of a synthetic polymer nanoparticle that neutralizes a toxic peptide in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:33-8
Zeng, Zhiyang; Hoshino, Yu; Rodriguez, Andy et al. (2010) Synthetic polymer nanoparticles with antibody-like affinity for a hydrophilic peptide. ACS Nano 4:199-204
Hoshino, Yu; Haberaecker 3rd, Walter W; Kodama, Takashi et al. (2010) Affinity purification of multifunctional polymer nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 132:13648-50
Hoshino, Yu; Koide, Hiroyuki; Urakami, Takeo et al. (2010) Recognition, neutralization, and clearance of target peptides in the bloodstream of living mice by molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles: a plastic antibody. J Am Chem Soc 132:6644-5

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