A molecular understanding of the genetic basis for brain activity will inevitably improve medical interventions relating to myriad neurological conditions and disorders. A critical step in peeling back the molecular inner-workings of the brain will be to assay the brain transcriptome, the messenger RNA complement within individual cells that controls function at multiple levels of organization-cell, synapse, tissue, nd brain region. Current methods for harvesting mRNA from cells in morphologically complex neuronal tissue are invasive and prone to contamination. Biological goals of this proposal are to catalog differences in neuronal transcriptome variability in different hippocampal regions in the live mouse brain slice model, and then to assess temporal and spatial aspects of transcriptome changes in response to genetic perturbation through the use of conditional CREB KO and CREB Ser133Ala knockin mice. CREB is a transcription factor that modulates various cAMP-coordinated behaviors including learning and memory, drug addiction and fear conditioning. Our goal in these model systems will be to assess, for the first time, the gene expression targets of CREB in vivo where the microenvironment will likely be an important contributor to the selection of CREB targets. To address these challenges, we have developed a light-activated transcriptome in vivo analysis (TIVA)-tag that shows extreme promise for harvesting mRNA from individual cells, in cultured neurons and rat hippocampal brain slices. TIVA-tags are caged oligonucleotides, with a poly-U capture strand that binds the poly-A tail of cellular mRNA upon photoactivation. These studies motivate the development of TIVA-tags with even greater in vivo functionality. We propose the optimization of many features in the TIVA-tag design (Aim 1), as well as development of caged ruthenium photosensitizer (Ru)-TIVA-tags suitable for 2-photon activation (Aim 2). Finally, we will develop multiplexing strategies for deep-tissue mRNA harvesting by tuning the ligands on Ru-TIVA and by developing poly-TIVA, a complementary caging technology for delivering poly-U capture strands (and other oligonucleotides) using nanoscale, cell-permeable, near-IR-responsive polymersome vesicles (Aim 3). Ru-TIVA variants and poly- TIVA will extend the capability to capture simultaneously mRNA from multiple individual cells within a tissue, or from single cells at multiple time points (i.e., longitudinal studies). These tandem technologies should make it possible to assess and potentially reprogram cellular function in the brain.

Public Health Relevance

The messenger RNA populations in each cell of the brain-the transcriptome-are highly dynamic and variable, and largely control cellular function. The development of quantitative tools for assessing and manipulating the transcriptome at the single cell level within tissues of the living brain will ultimately lead to a better understanding of how the normal brain works. Such tools will also improve human health, by providing more accurate assessment of brain disorders, including stroke, addiction, multiple sclerosis, abnormal psychology, and neurodegeneration, and could ultimately guide intervention via targeted therapies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM083030-08
Application #
9110257
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry A Study Section (SBCA)
Program Officer
Fabian, Miles
Project Start
2008-02-08
Project End
2018-07-31
Budget Start
2016-08-01
Budget End
2017-07-31
Support Year
8
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
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Yang, Linlin; Kim, Hyun Bum; Sul, Jai-Yoon et al. (2018) Efficient Synthesis of Light-Triggered Circular Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting Cellular Protein Expression. Chembiochem 19:1250-1254
Yeldell, S B; Ruble, B K; Dmochowski, I J (2017) Oligonucleotide modifications enhance probe stability for single cell transcriptome in vivo analysis (TIVA). Org Biomol Chem 15:10001-10009
Wang, Yanfei; Dmochowski, Ivan J (2016) An Expanded Palette of Xenon-129 NMR Biosensors. Acc Chem Res 49:2179-2187
Rapp, Teresa L; Phillips, Susan R; Dmochowski, Ivan J (2016) Kinetics and Photochemistry of Ruthenium Bisbipyridine Diacetonitrile Complexes: An Interdisciplinary Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory Exercise. J Chem Educ 93:2101-2105
Griepenburg, Julianne C; Sood, Nimil; Vargo, Kevin B et al. (2015) Caging metal ions with visible light-responsive nanopolymersomes. Langmuir 31:799-807
Ruble, Brittani K; Yeldell, Sean B; Dmochowski, Ivan J (2015) Caged oligonucleotides for studying biological systems. J Inorg Biochem 150:182-8
Griepenburg, J C; Rapp, T L; Carroll, P J et al. (2015) Ruthenium-Caged Antisense Morpholinos for Regulating Gene Expression in Zebrafish Embryos. Chem Sci 6:2342-2346
Lovatt, Ditte; Ruble, Brittani K; Lee, Jaehee et al. (2014) Transcriptome in vivo analysis (TIVA) of spatially defined single cells in live tissue. Nat Methods 11:190-6
Griepenburg, Julianne C; Ruble, Brittani K; Dmochowski, Ivan J (2013) Caged oligonucleotides for bidirectional photomodulation of let-7 miRNA in zebrafish embryos. Bioorg Med Chem 21:6198-204

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