Progression through developmental stages requires complex interactions of transcription factors and regulatory elements to achieve correct temporal and spatial patterns of requisite gene expression. Biochemical and genetic studies have implicated epigenetic modifications of chromatin structure as an important mechanism in regulation of gene transcription. Alteration of nucleosome conformation and/or position (termed chromatin remodeling) within gene regulatory elements serves to promote or restrict gene expression through regulating accessibility of trans-acting transcription factors. Mechanistically, modification of local chromatin structure is achieved, in part, through the activity of multi-subunt protein complexes that utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to disrupt nucleosome conformation and position. One important class of mammalian ATP- dependent nucleosome remodelers is that of the SWI/SNF-related family, which consists of large, multi-protein complexes that utilize either brahma (BRM) or brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) as the catalytic subunit. Biochemical studies on the human SWI-SNF- related complexes and its yeast counterpart have demonstrated the ability of these complexes to disrupt histone-DNA contacts and reposition nucleosomes in an ATP- dependent manner. Mammalian SWI/SNF complexes can be grouped into two major subfamilies, BAF (Brahma-related-gene 1 (BRG1)-associated factor) and PBAF (polybromo-associated BAF). Although the BAF/PBAF complexes share many common subunits; they are distinguishable by the presence of different ARID DNA binding subunits. Preliminary data suggest that these variant complexes exist in a delicate balance with each other, and upon loss of one complex, large-scale reorganization of the chromatin-remodeling machinery occurs. A series of experiments are proposed to study how these complexes interact with one another and with the genome on a global scale. Such an approach is critical to address how the balance of chromatin remodeling complexes contributes to a stable system of gene expression and how loss of this balance contributes to developmental abnormalities and disease.

Public Health Relevance

Exome sequencing studies have identified numerous subunits of the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodelers as potential driver mutations in developmental abnormalities and cancer. We are proposing that chromatin-remodeling complexes exist in a delicate balance with each other, and upon loss of one complex, large-scale reorganization of the chromatin-remodeling machinery occurs. We hypothesize that this has profound effects for proper gene regulation. Rather than studying a single chromatin-remodeling complex at a small set of genes, we are proposing to study how these complexes interact with one another within the same cell and with the genome on a global scale. Such an approach is critical to address how the balance of chromatin remodeling complexes contributes to a stable system of gene expression and how loss of this balance contributes to developmental abnormalities and disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD036655-17
Application #
9052783
Study Section
Development - 2 Study Section (DEV2)
Program Officer
Coulombe, James N
Project Start
1999-01-01
Project End
2019-04-30
Budget Start
2016-05-01
Budget End
2017-04-30
Support Year
17
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Department
Genetics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
608195277
City
Chapel Hill
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27599
Runge, John S; Raab, Jesse R; Magnuson, Terry (2018) Identification of Two Distinct Classes of the Human INO80 Complex Genome-Wide. G3 (Bethesda) 8:1095-1102
Dronamraju, Raghuvar; Hepperla, Austin J; Shibata, Yoichiro et al. (2018) Spt6 Association with RNA Polymerase II Directs mRNA Turnover During Transcription. Mol Cell 70:1054-1066.e4
Raab, Jesse R; Runge, John S; Spear, Camarie C et al. (2017) Co-regulation of transcription by BRG1 and BRM, two mutually exclusive SWI/SNF ATPase subunits. Epigenetics Chromatin 10:62
Katz, David M; Bird, Adrian; Coenraads, Monica et al. (2016) Rett Syndrome: Crossing the Threshold to Clinical Translation. Trends Neurosci 39:100-113
Serber, Daniel W; Runge, John S; Menon, Debashish U et al. (2016) The Mouse INO80 Chromatin-Remodeling Complex Is an Essential Meiotic Factor for Spermatogenesis. Biol Reprod 94:8
Runge, John S; Raab, Jesse R; Magnuson, Terry (2016) Epigenetic Regulation by ATP-Dependent Chromatin-Remodeling Enzymes: SNF-ing Out Crosstalk. Curr Top Dev Biol 117:1-13
Chandler, Ronald L; Magnuson, Terry (2016) The SWI/SNF BAF-A complex is essential for neural crest development. Dev Biol 411:15-24
Chandler, Ronald L; Raab, Jesse R; Vernon, Mike et al. (2015) Global gene expression profiling of a mouse model of ovarian clear cell carcinoma caused by ARID1A and PIK3CA mutations implicates a role for inflammatory cytokine signaling. Genom Data 5:329-32
Raab, Jesse R; Resnick, Samuel; Magnuson, Terry (2015) Genome-Wide Transcriptional Regulation Mediated by Biochemically Distinct SWI/SNF Complexes. PLoS Genet 11:e1005748
Chandler, Ronald L; Damrauer, Jeffrey S; Raab, Jesse R et al. (2015) Coexistent ARID1A-PIK3CA mutations promote ovarian clear-cell tumorigenesis through pro-tumorigenic inflammatory cytokine signalling. Nat Commun 6:6118

Showing the most recent 10 out of 17 publications