We :propose-two studies aimed at assessing the long-term developmental effects of variations in early social- emotional experience and human relationships in children who are reared in orphanages in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation: These orphanages are acceptable on most standards of care except social-emotional development and caregiver-child relationship building, which are widely Relieved to be the major causal components that typically lead to long-term developmental limitations and mental health problems. These proposed studies, will be better able to attribute long-term outcomes to the early social-emotional rearing environment of these children than previous studies. 'Study 1 consists of the largest follow-up of children reared in orphanages that are deficient only with respect to their social-emotional environment who are then adopted into highly advantaged USA homes. Adoptive parents will respond to a comprehensive set of questionnaires, and responses compared to parent- reared samples, adopted American children that partially controls for the experience.of adoption and genetic and perinatal characteristics unique to adopted children, non-adopted siblings that control for the adoptive family environments, and teacher ratings of the adopted child versus an arbitrarily selected comparison child to provide an assessment of the social and academic behavior of children in the school context and to complement parental ratings. A check on respondent bias will also be made. Study 2 is the only study to follow up children from three of the same orphanages in Study 1 but who were exposed to quasi-experimental interventions designed to improve the early social-emotional environment and promote adult-child relationships. Children are subsequently either adopted into the same highly-advantaged USA homes or returned to their less-advantaged biological parents in St. Petersburg. These children will have been exposed to either a double intervention (caregiver training plus structural changes in the orphanage), training only, and no treatment. Parents will be assessed with the same questionnaire battery and their responses contrasted with the same comparison groups as Study 1. This study tests whether the early interventions have greater relative benefit for children subsequently reared in less- rather than more-advantaged families.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01HD050212-05S1
Application #
8456891
Study Section
Psychosocial Development, Risk and Prevention Study Section (PDRP)
Program Officer
Esposito, Layla E
Project Start
2007-06-15
Project End
2013-03-31
Budget Start
2011-04-01
Budget End
2013-03-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$132,426
Indirect Cost
$21,543
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Hawk, Brandi N; Mccall, Robert B; Groark, Christina J et al. (2018) CAREGIVER SENSITIVITY AND CONSISTENCY AND CHILDREN'S PRIOR FAMILY EXPERIENCE AS CONTEXTS FOR EARLY DEVELOPMENT WITHIN INSTITUTIONS. Infant Ment Health J 39:432-448
Warner, Hilary A; McCall, Robert B; Groark, Christina J et al. (2017) CAREGIVER-CHILD INTERACTION, CAREGIVER TRANSITIONS, AND GROUP SIZE AS MEDIATORS BETWEEN INTERVENTION CONDITION AND ATTACHMENT AND PHYSICAL GROWTH OUTCOMES IN INSTITUTIONALIZED CHILDREN. Infant Ment Health J 38:645-657
Julian, Megan M; McCall, Robert B (2016) Social Skills in Children Adopted from Socially-Emotionally Depriving Institutions. Adopt Q 19:44-62
McCall, Robert B; Muhamedrahimov, Rifkat J; Groark, Christina J et al. (2016) The Development of Children Placed into Different Types of Russian Families Following an Institutional Intervention. Int Perspect Psychol 5:255-270
McCall, Robert B; Muhamedrahimov, Rifkat J; Groark, Christina J et al. (2016) The development of postinstitutionalized versus parent-reared Russian children as a function of age at placement and family type. Dev Psychopathol 28:251-64
Merz, Emily C; Harlé, Katia M; Noble, Kimberly G et al. (2016) Executive Function in Previously Institutionalized Children. Child Dev Perspect 10:105-110
Hawk, Brandi N; McCall, Robert B (2014) Perceived relationship quality in adolescents following early social-emotional deprivation. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 19:439-59
Muhamedrahimov, Rifkat J; Agarkova, Varvara V; Vershnina, Elena A et al. (2014) Behavior problems in children transferred from a socioemotionally depriving institution to St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) families. Infant Ment Health J 35:111-22
Hawk, Brandi N; Wright, Amanda; Julian, Megan M et al. (2013) Potential Selective Responding in a Parent Questionnaire Study of Post-Institutionalized Children. Adopt Q 16:97-107
McCall, Robert B; Groark, Christina J; Fish, Larry et al. (2013) Maintaining a social-emotional intervention and its benefits for institutionalized children. Child Dev 84:1734-49

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