_ Difficulties in reading above the word level have long been recognized, however,systematic, particularly neurobiological, investigation of these problems has largely been ignored. Directly responsive to the RFA cal for: """"""""basic research onthe neurobiological underpinnings of reading fluency, vocabulary development, reading comprehension..."""""""" and """"""""imaging studies that use a variety of imaging modalities (e.g., MRI, fMRI, MEG, Diffusion Tensor Imaging)..."""""""", we propose a longitudinal study to examine the cognitive, linguistic and neurobiological influences on reading comprehension. This projectfollows a largegroup of children who are participants in an ongoing Center project and who werespecifically recruitedfor dysfluent readingat ages 7.5-10.5 years. Building on and extending our previous work,we proposeto bring together and apply state- of-the-art neurobiological measures Including fMRI, magnetoencephelography(MEG), diffusion tensor maging (DTI), and brain morphdmetry to examine brain structure andfunction for reading comprehension in two groups of dysfluent readers: dysfluent with accuracy (DFA);and dysfluent readerswho are inaccurate [DPI), compared to nonimpaired readers (Nl). Specifically we propose to identify the neural correlates of reading comprehension in groups of DFA (n= 25) and DFI (n=25) readers(ages 14-16 years) and in Nl n=50) readers (ages 13-16 years). Functional brain imaging (fMRI, MEG) is examined in a sentence comprehension task which manipulates semantic and syntactic relationships in sentences, using ananomaly paradigm. In addition, we propose to determine cognitive, linguistic, academic and behavioral outcomes and their antecedents in the larger group (n=190) of children. The application of state-of-the-art neurobiological studies to reading comprehension indysfluent readers provides a unique opportunity to identify neurobiological markersfor different subtypes of RD and to assessthe influence of word level reading, fluency andvocabulary in the development of reading comprehension. Results ofthis study offer the potential for identifying the precursors, and improving our understanding of, the development of reading ? comprehension, in turn leading to earlier diagnosis and more targeted interventions for children whose reading difficulties go beyond the level of theword.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD057655-03
Application #
7600591
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-DSR-H (27))
Program Officer
Miller, Brett
Project Start
2007-05-20
Project End
2010-11-30
Budget Start
2008-12-01
Budget End
2009-11-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$910,921
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
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Lebel, Catherine; Shaywitz, Bennett; Holahan, John et al. (2013) Diffusion tensor imaging correlates of reading ability in dysfluent and non-impaired readers. Brain Lang 125:215-22
Ferrer, Emilio; Shaywitz, Bennett A; Holahan, John M et al. (2010) Uncoupling of reading and IQ over time: empirical evidence for a definition of dyslexia. Psychol Sci 21:93-101
Reynolds, Cecil R; Shaywitz, Sally E (2009) Response to Intervention: Prevention and Remediation, Perhaps. Diagnosis, No. Child Dev Perspect 3:44
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Shaywitz, Sally E; Shaywitz, Bennett A (2008) Paying attention to reading: the neurobiology of reading and dyslexia. Dev Psychopathol 20:1329-49
Shaywitz, Sally E; Morris, Robin; Shaywitz, Bennett A (2008) The education of dyslexic children from childhood to young adulthood. Annu Rev Psychol 59:451-75