The ontogenic expression of cytochrome P450s in all species studied, including humans, is indicative of imprinting. Each P450 isoform proceeds through """"""""programmed"""""""" stages of development culminating in an adult pattern of expression characterized by the permanent suppression of many androgynous immature forms of P450 and permanent induction of mostly sexually dimorphic levels of P450s observed in adults. Whereas all sexual dimorphisms have been shown to be imprinted by testosterone or its metabolites, the steroids appear to have no developmental effect on P450 ontogeny. Since the differentiation of a tissue's morphology and function is determined by the same hormone responsible for its regulation in adulthood, and growth hormone (GH), not androgens, solely regulates the sexually dimorphic expression of hepatic P450s in all species examined, we have proposed that GH irreversibly imprints the developing hepatic P450 system. Using a highly potent GH antagonist, we plan to examine the imprinting effects of the hormone during the critical neonatal period of P450 ontogeny by evaluating the expression of sex-dependent P450 isoforms in affected adult male and female rats. We also plan to study the imprinting effects of GH in limiting the liver's ability to express the isoforms of the opposite sex. Lastly, since the development of the hepatic P450 system is characterized by the suppression of most isoforms until puberty, we have proposed that their eventual appearance is dependent upon the ontogenesis of the signal transduction pathways regulating their expression. We have chosen to examine the development of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway regulating expression of the dominant male- specific CYP2C11 as well as the ERK/CBP/HNF signal transduction pathway regulating expression of the dominant female-specific CYP2C12. In order to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which GH imprints the sex- dependent hepatic P450s, we will examine the developmental profiles of these signaling pathways in neonatally GH-blocked rats to identify any aberrations from the normal. Like all sexual dimorphisms, expression of the hepatic P450s can at best be only partially sex-reversed. In order to identify the cause of this response, we will compare the ontogenic responsiveness of both signaling pathways in both sexes to GH activation. Expectedly, our studies will identify developmental mechanisms that determine adult patterns of P450 expression and the origins of sex-dependent drug metabolism.

Public Health Relevance

The research proposes to unravel mechanisms regulating the ontogenesis of cytochrome P450-drug metabolism by examining hormonal imprinting of the differentiating enzyme system and the ontogenesis of the signal transduction pathways regulating expression of adult P450 isoforms. Developmental disruption of the endocrine system or signaling pathways, both common drug targets, could result in permanent alterations in drug metabolism and should be considered in formulating drug therapies for children. Lastly, we propose to identify the origins of sex differences in drug metabolism, essential in understanding the sex-based biodisposition of drugs.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HD061285-01A1
Application #
7872047
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-CB-L (50))
Program Officer
Giacoia, George
Project Start
2010-07-01
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2010-07-01
Budget End
2011-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$332,000
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Veterinary Sciences
Type
Schools of Veterinary Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Das, Rajat K; Banerjee, Sarmistha; Shapiro, Bernard H (2017) Growth hormone: a newly identified developmental organizer. J Endocrinol 232:377-389
Banerjee, Sarmistha; Das, Rajat Kumar; Giffear, Kelly A et al. (2015) Permanent uncoupling of male-specific CYP2C11 transcription/translation by perinatal glutamate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 284:79-91
Das, Rajat Kumar; Banerjee, Sarmistha; Shapiro, Bernard H (2014) Irreversible perinatal imprinting of adult expression of the principal sex-dependent drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP2C11. FASEB J 28:4111-22
Das, Rajat Kumar; Banerjee, Sarmistha; Shapiro, Bernard H (2013) Noncanonical suppression of GH-dependent isoforms of cytochrome P450 by the somatostatin analog octreotide. J Endocrinol 216:87-97
Das, Rajat K; Banerjee, Sarmistha; Shapiro, Bernard H (2013) Extensive sex- and/or hormone-dependent expression of rat housekeeping genes. Endocr Res 38:105-11
Banerjee, Sarmistha; Das, Rajat Kumar; Shapiro, Bernard H (2013) Growth hormone-independent suppression of growth hormone-dependent female isoforms of cytochrome P450 by the somatostatin analog octreotide. Eur J Pharmacol 715:256-61
Thangavel, Chellappagounder; Boopathi, Ettickan; Shapiro, Bernard H (2013) Inherent sex-dependent regulation of human hepatic CYP3A5. Br J Pharmacol 168:988-1000
Sharma, Meena R; Dworakowski, Wojciech; Shapiro, Bernard H (2012) Intrasplenic transplantation of isolated adult rat hepatocytes: sex-reversal and/or suppression of the major constituent isoforms of cytochrome P450. Toxicol Pathol 40:83-92
Thangavel, Chellappagounder; Boopathi, Ettickan; Shapiro, Bernard H (2011) Intrinsic sexually dimorphic expression of the principal human CYP3A4 correlated with suboptimal activation of GH/glucocorticoid-dependent transcriptional pathways in men. Endocrinology 152:4813-24