The overall project goal is to investigate a vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) as a simple and low cost intervention to prolong and improve quality of life for HIV-infected pregnant women and their children in resource limited settings. In order to meet these goals we are proposing a gold standard investigation with a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Briefly, we will enroll 2300 HIV-infected pregnant women at 12-27 weeks gestation who are enrolled in the Management and Development for Health (MDH) President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. HIV-infected mothers who consent for enrollment in the trial will be randomized to receive an oral supplement regimen of one of two groups: (a) vitamin D3 oral supplements containing 3,000 IU taken daily until 12 months post-partum or (b) placebo supplements taken daily until 12 months post- partum. HIV-infected women and children will be followed at regular study visits and during labor and delivery to assess the primary trial endpoints (a) maternal HIV progression, (b) small- for-gestational age infants, and (c) child stunting at 1 year of age. Secondarily, we will also assess the effect of vitamin D3 on (i) maternal CD4 T-cell reconstitution, (ii) preterm birth, (iii) low birth weight (<2500 g), (iv) mother to child transmision of HIV, and (v) maternal and child parathyroid hormone levels (PTH). Evidence from this randomized trial is urgently needed since ART coverage is rapidly expanding globally for HIV-infected women, particularly due to expansion of Option B+, and treatment programs are in need of interventions to prolong and improve the quality of life for HIV-infected pregnant women and their children.

Public Health Relevance

HIV-infected pregnant women receiving antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa experience high rates of mortality, morbidity, and adverse birth outcomes and their children also exhibit poor linear growth. This randomized trial may provide evidence that maternal vitamin D3 supplements prolong and improve the quality of life for these HIV-infected pregnant women and their children, which may result in adding these supplements to standard PMTCT care.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD083113-05
Application #
9520336
Study Section
AIDS Clinical Studies and Epidemiology Study Section (ACE)
Program Officer
Chakhtoura, Nahida Abdo
Project Start
2014-09-24
Project End
2019-06-30
Budget Start
2018-07-01
Budget End
2019-06-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Harvard University
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
149617367
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code