Lipoprotein lipase (LpL), the primary enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of triglyceride within lipoproteins, modulates plasma levels of all plasma lipoproteins and allows cellular uptake of fatty acids to be used for energy, storage, and structural lipids. This application has funded experiments that have used in vivo methods to define structure/function aspects of LpL biology and assess the effects of tissue specific LpL overexpression. More recently, the PI and his colleagues have produced tissue specific deletion of LpL to investigate the role(s) of this enzyme in heart and skeletal muscle, islet cells, and brain. In addition, funds from this grant were used to create mice with transgenic overexpression of diacylglycerol acyl transferase 1 (DGAT1) in heart and skeletal muscle, and to study animals with a genetic or pharmacologic deficiency of DGAT1. In our Preliminary Results we show the following: muscle overexpression of LpL on a knockout background, but not adipose-specific LpL deletion retards adipose tissue development and increases muscle mass;in the heart, lipid uptake pathways for VLDL and chylomicrons differ;DGAT1 deletion increases muscle mass and also dramatically reduces expression of lipid uptake and oxidation genes. This renewal contains experiments that seek to use modulation of LpL and DGAT1 as tools to understand the following: 1) how tissues deficient in LpL acquire circulating lipids and develop normal adipose triglyceride stores, 2) how muscle lipid metabolism alters skeletal muscle growth, 3) how extracellular and intracellular pools of lipid modulate fatty acid uptake and oxidation via actions of PPARs. The experiments will use novel genetically modified mice, cultured myocytes, and state of the art lipidomics.

Public Health Relevance

Excess calories leading to ectopic fat accumulation are a major cause of insulin resistant diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some forms of cardiomyopathy. The pathways responsible for lipid uptake into tissues and how they are regulated are incompletely understood. Two circulating forms of fat, fatty acids and triglycerides within lipoproteins, enter cells by overlapping but distinct pathways. One objective of this research is to understand how fats get delivered to tissues and how in turn they regulate gene transcription and fatty acid oxidation. The eventual goal is to identify therapeutic targets to prevent obesity and ectopic fat deposition. In addition, by understanding how fat regulates genes it is likely that better drugs can be developed for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL045095-21
Application #
8094294
Study Section
Integrative Physiology of Obesity and Diabetes Study Section (IPOD)
Program Officer
Liu, Lijuan
Project Start
1991-04-01
Project End
2014-05-31
Budget Start
2011-06-01
Budget End
2012-05-31
Support Year
21
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$468,623
Indirect Cost
Name
Columbia University (N.Y.)
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
621889815
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Basu, Debapriya; Huggins, Lesley-Ann; Scerbo, Diego et al. (2018) Mechanism of Increased LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) and Decreased Triglycerides With SGLT2 (Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2) Inhibition. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:2207-2216
Goldberg, Ira J; Reue, Karen; Abumrad, Nada A et al. (2018) Deciphering the Role of Lipid Droplets in Cardiovascular Disease: A Report From the 2017 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop. Circulation 138:305-315
(2018) ATVB Named Lecture Reviews-Insight Into Author. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:707-708
Goldberg, Ira J (2018) 2017 George Lyman Duff Memorial Lecture: Fat in the Blood, Fat in the Artery, Fat in the Heart: Triglyceride in Physiology and Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:700-706
Chang, Chuchun L; Garcia-Arcos, Itsaso; Nyrén, Rakel et al. (2018) Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency Impairs Bone Marrow Myelopoiesis and Reduces Circulating Monocyte Levels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:509-519
Basu, Debapriya; Hu, Yunying; Huggins, Lesley-Ann et al. (2018) Novel Reversible Model of Atherosclerosis and Regression Using Oligonucleotide Regulation of the LDL Receptor. Circ Res 122:560-567
Scerbo, Diego; Son, Ni-Huiping; Sirwi, Alaa et al. (2017) Kidney triglyceride accumulation in the fasted mouse is dependent upon serum free fatty acids. J Lipid Res 58:1132-1142
Beigneux, Anne P; Miyashita, Kazuya; Ploug, Michael et al. (2017) Autoantibodies against GPIHBP1 as a Cause of Hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med 376:1647-1658
Cifarelli, Vincenza; Ivanov, Stoyan; Xie, Yan et al. (2017) CD36 deficiency impairs the small intestinal barrier and induces subclinical inflammation in mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 3:82-98
Drosatos, Konstantinos; Pollak, Nina M; Pol, Christine J et al. (2016) Cardiac Myocyte KLF5 Regulates Ppara Expression and Cardiac Function. Circ Res 118:241-53

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