Activation of renal mechanosensory nerves increases afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) resulting in decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity (ERSNA) and natriuresis, a renorenal reflex. Increases in ERSNA increase ARNA which, in turn, exerts a negative feedback control of ERSNA via activation of the renorenal reflexes. Activation of renal sensory nerves is enhanced by high sodium (HNa) and reduced by low sodium (LNa) diet;the modulatory action of dietary Na is mediated by changes in angiotensin (ANG) II. Selective afferent renal denervation results in salt sensitive hypertension, suggesting an important role for the natriuretic renorenal reflexes in regulation of sodium balance and arterial pressure. The renorenal reflexes are impaired in congestive heart failure (CHF) and hypertension due to increased endogenous ANG II suppressing renal sensory nerve activation. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays a differential role in the activation of renal sensory nerves, stimulatory in HNa diet via activation of ETB-receptors (R) and inhibitory in LNa diet via activation of ETA-R. Activation of ETA-R contributes the ANG ll-induced suppression of ARNA. OBJECTIVES: To examine the role of ET-1 in the control of ERSNA and maintenance of sodium balance and define the mechanisms involved in the ET-1 mediated modulation of ARNA.
SPECIFIC AIMS : Determine whether (1) the renorenal reflexes are impaired in ETB-R deficient rats and (2) the expression of ET-R in the renal pelvic wall and dorsal root ganglia is altered by dietary sodium. Define (3) the mechanisms involved in the activation of ETB-R and ETA-R in the stimulation of the afferent renal nerves;(4) the role of ET-1 in the impaired renorenal reflexes in pathological conditions of increased ANG II (CHF) and (5) the mechanisms involved in the interaction between ERSNA and ARNA at the level of the peripheral renal sensory nerve endings. METHODS: Afferent renal nerves will be stimulated by increasing renal pelvic pressure or reflex induced increases in ERSNA. ARNA and ERSNA will be recorded. Renal pelvic release of substance P, PGE2, and norepinephrine will be measured by ELISA/RIA. ETA-R and ETB-R will be localized and quantified in renal pelvis by real time RT-PCR, western blotting, in situ hybridization and immuno- histochemistry. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the ET-1-mediated activation of renal sensory nerves may further our understanding of the role of ET-1 in sodium balance, heart failure and hypertension.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL066068-09
Application #
8067823
Study Section
Hypertension and Microcirculation Study Section (HM)
Program Officer
OH, Youngsuk
Project Start
2001-09-01
Project End
2012-10-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-10-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$252,000
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Iowa
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
062761671
City
Iowa City
State
IA
Country
United States
Zip Code
52242
Kopp, Ulla C (2015) Role of renal sensory nerves in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 308:R79-95
Mulder, Jan; Hokfelt, Tomas; Knuepfer, Mark M et al. (2013) Renal sensory and sympathetic nerves reinnervate the kidney in a similar time-dependent fashion after renal denervation in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 304:R675-82
Kopp, Ulla C; Cicha, Michael Z; Smith, Lori A (2011) Impaired interaction between efferent and afferent renal nerve activity in SHR involves increased activation of alpha2-adrenoceptors. Hypertension 57:640-7
Kopp, Ulla C; Cicha, Michael Z; Smith, Lori A et al. (2011) Dietary sodium modulates the interaction between efferent and afferent renal nerve activity by altering activation of ýý2-adrenoceptors on renal sensory nerves. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 300:R298-310
Kopp, Ulla C (2011) Endothelin in the control of renal sympathetic nerve activity. Contrib Nephrol 172:107-19
Grisk, Olaf; Packebusch, Martin; Steinbach, Antje C et al. (2010) Endothelin-1-induced activation of rat renal pelvic contractions depends on cyclooxygenase-1 and Rho kinase. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 299:R1602-9
Kopp, Ulla C; Cicha, Michael Z; Jones, Susan Y (2010) Activation of endothelin A receptors contributes to impaired responsiveness of renal mechanosensory nerves in congestive heart failure. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 88:622-9
Kopp, Ulla C; Grisk, Olaf; Cicha, Michael Z et al. (2009) Dietary sodium modulates the interaction between efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity and afferent renal nerve activity: role of endothelin. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297:R337-51
Kopp, Ulla C; Jones, Susan Y; DiBona, Gerald F (2008) Afferent renal denervation impairs baroreflex control of efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 295:R1882-90
Kopp, Ulla C; Cicha, Michael Z; Yorek, Mark A (2008) Impaired responsiveness of renal sensory nerves in streptozotocin-treated rats and obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats: role of angiotensin. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294:R858-66

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