? During the past thirty years Carpentier has pioneered and standardized surgical techniques that allow reliable repair of mitral valves with all types of leaflet, chordal and annular deformities. Use of these techniques has produced good results at centers all over the world. Although the durability of these repairs has been acceptable there is a 10 to 16% long-term failure rate. Reported modes of failure implicate mechanical stress as an etiologic factor. Imaging techniques in humans and animals have shown the mitral annulus to have a pronounced saddle shape; this shape is conserved across mammalian species. State-of-the-art mathematical modeling indicates that this saddle shape imparts curvature to the leaflets, minimizing leaflet stress and resulting strain. Most established mitral valve repair techniques include placement of a flat annuloplasty ring. While a flat ring improves early valve competence by reducing annular area and improving leaflet coaptation, annular flattening may reduce leaflet curvature and produce unnecessary stress and strain on leaflet tissue, chordae tendenae and repair suture lines, limiting repair durability. We hypothesize that saddle-shape annuloplasty will diminish leaflet stress when compared with standard flat annuloplasty, Three-dimensional echocardiography will be used to assess the effect of annuloplasty ring shape on normal leaflet curvature in an ovine model. In addition, sonomicrometry array localization, a technique for cardiac imaging and strain measurement, will be used to assess the effect of annuloplasty ring shape on mitral valve leaflet strain throughout the cardiac cycle. Data from these two techniques will allow a quantitative assessment of the mechanism linking annular shape, leaflet curvature, and leaflet strain. An understanding of this relationship will allow a more rational design of annuloplasty rings, improving the longevity of currently established valve repair techniques. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HL073021-01A1
Application #
6730231
Study Section
Surgery and Bioengineering Study Section (SB)
Program Officer
Sopko, George
Project Start
2004-04-01
Project End
2008-03-31
Budget Start
2004-04-01
Budget End
2005-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$486,462
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Surgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
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McCormick, Margaret E; Manduchi, Elisabetta; Witschey, Walter R T et al. (2016) Integrated Regional Cardiac Hemodynamic Imaging and RNA Sequencing Reveal Corresponding Heterogeneity of Ventricular Wall Shear Stress and Endocardial Transcriptome. J Am Heart Assoc 5:e003170
Bouma, Wobbe; Lai, Eric K; Levack, Melissa M et al. (2016) Preoperative Three-Dimensional Valve Analysis Predicts Recurrent Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation After Mitral Annuloplasty. Ann Thorac Surg 101:567-75; discussion 575

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