Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) suffer from profound weight loss while hospitalized and have nutritional related residual effects up to a year post-discharge. Malnutrition is associated with both poor outcomes, however, if optimizing nutritional care can reverse this and improve outcomes in this population is not known. The nutritional care provided to ARDS patients typically consists of enteral nutrition (EN) while mechanically ventilated followed by a general diet when weaned from the ventilator. EN is a medical intervention that has risks and cost yet no studies have demonstrated its efficacy in this population. Further, no studies have evaluated any aspect of nutritional care provided once EN is discontinued. We propose a prospective randomized clinical trail to evaluate the impact of intensive medical nutrition therapy (IMNT) in malnourished respiratory failure patients admitted to the ICU on short and long-term outcomes. Participant's (N = 200) will be randomized to receive either standard care (SC e.g. ad lib feeding of standard food) or IMNT provided as EN started within the first 48 hours of ICU admission and continued until 75% of estimated energy needs are achieved via a individualized, intensive diet therapy tailored to maximize oral intake until hospital discharge. Primary outcomes evaluated while hospitalized include infections, days on mechanical ventilation, in the ICU and hospital and changes in various immune parameters. At discharge, 3- and 6-months post discharge participants will be assessed for changes in fat free mass (measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), weight, muscular weakness (measured as hand grip strength), fatigue (measured as distanced traveled in 6-minute walk assessed at discharge and changes in various immune parameters. The proposed PRCT is designed to assess if malnutrition independently causes morbidity, and if IMNT can reverse malnutrition, improve immune function and other clinical outcomes. It employs a comprehensive nutrition program from ICU admission to hospital discharge, links the changes observed mechanistically to immune function and has the potential to expand our understanding of methods that improve both short-term (within the ICU and while hospitalized) and long-term post-ICU morbidities. It will provide the vital translational information necessary for clinicians to deliver EBM for the nutritional care of these patients from bench-to-bedside practice. As ICU survival rates improve and resources become scarcer studies addressing these issues are highly relevant.

Public Health Relevance

Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with respiratory failure suffer from profound weight loss while hospitalized and have nutritional related residual effects up to a year post-discharge. The proposed clinical trial will examine the impact of an intensive medical nutrition therapy intervention designed to curtail these nutritional declines on various clinical as well as immunological outcomes while hospitalized and 3- and 6- months after hospital discharge. As ICU survival rates improve and resources become scarcer studies which provide information to guide practices that can ameliorate the short and long term consequences of the ICU stay are badly needed and highly relevant.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL093142-02
Application #
7689272
Study Section
Integrative Nutrition and Metabolic Processes Study Section (INMP)
Program Officer
Harabin, Andrea L
Project Start
2008-09-30
Project End
2013-06-30
Budget Start
2009-07-01
Budget End
2010-06-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$374,908
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Illinois at Chicago
Department
Nutrition
Type
Schools of Allied Health Profes
DUNS #
098987217
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60612
Braunschweig, Carol L; Freels, Sally; Sheean, Patricia M et al. (2017) Role of timing and dose of energy received in patients with acute lung injury on mortality in the Intensive Nutrition in Acute Lung Injury Trial (INTACT): a post hoc analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 105:411-416
Braunschweig, Carol A; Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J et al. (2015) Intensive nutrition in acute lung injury: a clinical trial (INTACT). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 39:13-20
Braunschweig, Carol A; Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J et al. (2014) Exploitation of diagnostic computed tomography scans to assess the impact of nutrition support on body composition changes in respiratory failure patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 38:880-5
Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J; Gomez Perez, Sandra et al. (2014) The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with respiratory failure classified as normally nourished using computed tomography and subjective global assessment. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 38:873-9
Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J; Chen, Yimin et al. (2013) Utilizing multiple methods to classify malnutrition among elderly patients admitted to the medical and surgical intensive care units (ICU). Clin Nutr 32:752-7
Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J; Zhao, Weihan et al. (2012) Intensive medical nutrition therapy: methods to improve nutrition provision in the critical care setting. J Acad Nutr Diet 112:1073-9
Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa; Pini, Maria; Ponemone, Venkatesh et al. (2011) Suppressed cytokine production in whole blood cultures may be related to iron status and hepcidin and is partially corrected following weight reduction in morbidly obese pre-menopausal women. Cytokine 53:201-6
Sheean, P M; Peterson, S J; Gurka, D P et al. (2010) Nutrition assessment: the reproducibility of subjective global assessment in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Eur J Clin Nutr 64:1358-64
Braunschweig, Carol A; Sheean, Patricia M; Peterson, Sarah J (2010) Examining the role of nutrition support and outcomes for hospitalized patients: putting nutrition back in the study design. J Am Diet Assoc 110:1646-9