Cardiovascular pathologies are the most deleterious outcomes of the insulin resistant syndrome and evidence links them to derangements in the renin angiotensin system (RAS). Our studies in dietary (fructose feeding) and genetic (leptin receptor mutant, db/db) models of insulin resistance show that there is increased insulin, impaired glucose tolerance and increased blood pressure (BP). We hypothesize that the cardiovascular changes are related to an imbalance between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which produces angiotensin II (Ang II) and ACE2 which produces Ang (1-7). Data documents developmental, age-related changes in BP and ACE/ACE2 balance in db/db mice as well as changes in ACE/ACE2 after fructose overload. Using a sophisticated series of in vivo cardiovascular tests along with mass spectrometric (MS) assays for ACE activity, immunoassays for Ang peptide forms, molecular methods for mRNA quantification and siRNA gene silencing, we plan to follow the etiology and treatment of dietary and genetic forms of insulin resistant diabetes. The questions to be addressed are the following: 1) What is the nature of the changes in ACE/ACE2 balance in the fructose model of insulin resistance and what is the effect of blockade of the RAS and Ang receptors?;2) What is the nature of the changes in ACE/ACE2 balance in the genetic db/db model of insulin resistance and what is the effect of blockade of the RAS and Ang receptors? and 3) What is the effect of genetic manipulation of ACE/ACE2 and Ang receptors on the cardiovascular and metabolic response to dietary induced insulin resistance? We will use transgenic mice which over- express ACE and mice which lack ACE2 as well as shRNA gene silencing for Ang receptors. The research program should provide new information on the endocrine enzymatic mediators of the cardiovascular pathologies associated with experimental models for type-2 diabetes.

Public Health Relevance

Insulin resistant diabetes is a major health problem with cardiovascular dysfunction being a primary cause of mortality and morbidity. The proposed research project will study the development of cardiovascular and metabolic derangements in animal models of insulin resistance. The hypothesis is that changes in the renin angiotensin system, specifically angiotensin converting enzyme balance, are a key factor.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL093567-03
Application #
7871392
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-CVS-D (03))
Program Officer
Hasan, Ahmed AK
Project Start
2008-07-01
Project End
2013-05-31
Budget Start
2010-06-01
Budget End
2011-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$358,750
Indirect Cost
Name
Wright State University
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
047814256
City
Dayton
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45435
Grobe, Nadja; Elased, Khalid M (2017) Analysis of Angiotensin Metabolism in the Kidney Using Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 1614:189-197
Grobe, Nadja; Leiva, Orly; Morris, Mariana et al. (2015) Loss of prolyl carboxypeptidase in two-kidney, one-clip goldblatt hypertensive mice. PLoS One 10:e0117899
Somineni, Hari K; Boivin, Gregory P; Elased, Khalid M (2014) Daily exercise training protects against albuminuria and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 shedding in db/db diabetic mice. J Endocrinol 221:235-51
Alghamri, Mahmoud S; Morris, Mariana; Meszaros, J Gary et al. (2014) Novel role of aminopeptidase-A in angiotensin-(1-7) metabolism post myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 306:H1032-40
Alghamri, Mahmoud S; Weir, Nathan M; Anstadt, Mark P et al. (2013) Enhanced angiotensin II-induced cardiac and aortic remodeling in ACE2 knockout mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 18:138-51
Chen, Ji; Xiao, Xiang; Chen, Shuzhen et al. (2013) Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 priming enhances the function of endothelial progenitor cells and their therapeutic efficacy. Hypertension 61:681-9
Chodavarapu, Harshita; Grobe, Nadja; Somineni, Hari K et al. (2013) Rosiglitazone treatment of type 2 diabetic db/db mice attenuates urinary albumin and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 excretion. PLoS One 8:e62833
Ernst, A; Sharma, A N; Elased, K M et al. (2013) Diabetic db/db mice exhibit central nervous system and peripheral molecular alterations as seen in neurological disorders. Transl Psychiatry 3:e263
Grobe, Nadja; Weir, Nathan M; Leiva, Orly et al. (2013) Identification of prolyl carboxypeptidase as an alternative enzyme for processing of renal angiotensin II using mass spectrometry. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 304:C945-53
Grobe, Nadja; Elased, Khalid M; Cool, David R et al. (2012) Mass spectrometry for the molecular imaging of angiotensin metabolism in kidney. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 302:E1016-24

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