Myocyte stress in the form of exposure to hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions, hyposmotic stress, or metabolic inhibition results in significant myocyte swelling that is directly linked to a significant reduction in myocyte contractility. Myocyte structural derangement is therefore hypothesized to be one mechanism of myocardial stunning. These structural and functional derangements may be eliminated by the addition of an adenosine triphosphate -sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener diazoxide which is known to mimic ischemic preconditioning and provide cardioprotection in multiple models by an unknown mechanism. This application will investigate the role of the sarcolemmal KATP channel in volume derangement and the efficacy of diazoxide as a cardioprotective agent when administered during ischemia or reperfusion on the cellular and whole organ levels by the following specific aims:
Specific Aim #1 To determine the role of the sarcolemmal KATP channel in myocyte volume homeostasis (and resultant functional preservation) during stress, Specific Aim #2 To determine the effectiveness of KATP channel opener diazoxide as a cardioprotective agent during ongoing stress at the myocyte level, and Specific Aim #3 To establish the usefulness of KATP channel opener diazoxide as a cardioprotective agent during ongoing myocardial ischemia at the whole organ level. Increasing the level of understanding of this intrinsically protective ion channel and the effects of channel opener drugs will allow for direct pharmacologic targeting in the future that could lessen the myocardial stunning seen in hundreds of thousands of patients each year.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal will seek to expand the knowledge of the cardiac myocyte's response to stress and to increase the knowledge of a unique set of medications that activate an ion channel in the heart that serves as one of the heart's intrinsic cardioprotective mechanisms. This knowledge could lead to improvement in the treatment of any person suffering a heart attack or any form of heart injury. This is extremely important as coronary heart disease is the single largest killer of both American men and women.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL098182-02
Application #
8043631
Study Section
Bioengineering, Technology and Surgical Sciences Study Section (BTSS)
Program Officer
Lathrop, David A
Project Start
2010-04-01
Project End
2015-03-31
Budget Start
2011-04-01
Budget End
2012-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$266,000
Indirect Cost
Name
Washington University
Department
Surgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
068552207
City
Saint Louis
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63130
Makepeace, Carol M; Suarez-Pierre, Alejandro; Kanter, Evelyn M et al. (2018) Superior diastolic function with KATP channel opener diazoxide in a novel mouse Langendorff model. J Surg Res 227:186-193
Henn, Matthew C; Janjua, M Burhan; Zhang, Haixia et al. (2016) Increased tolerance to stress in cardiac expressed gain-of-function of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel subunit Kir6.1. J Surg Res 206:460-465
Henn, Matthew C; Janjua, M Burhan; Kanter, Evelyn M et al. (2015) Adenosine Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel Kir Subunits Implicated in Cardioprotection by Diazoxide. J Am Heart Assoc 4:e002016
Henn, Matthew C; Janjua, M Burhan; Zhang, Haixia et al. (2015) Diazoxide Cardioprotection Is Independent of Adenosine Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel Kir6.1 Subunit in Response to Stress. J Am Coll Surg 221:319-25
Henn, Matthew C; Henn, Lucas W (2015) Spontaneous Rupture of an Aortocoronary Saphenous Vein Graft Aneurysm. Tex Heart Inst J 42:405-6
Janjua, M Burhan; Makepeace, Carol M; Anastacio, Melissa M et al. (2014) Cardioprotective benefits of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener diazoxide are lost with administration after the onset of stress in mouse and human myocytes. J Am Coll Surg 219:803-13
Anastacio, Melissa M; Kanter, Evelyn M; Makepeace, Carol M et al. (2013) Relationship between mitochondrial matrix volume and cellular volume in response to stress and the role of ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Circulation 128:S130-5
Anastacio, Melissa M; Kanter, Evelyn M; Makepeace, Carol et al. (2013) Cardioprotective mechanism of diazoxide involves the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase. Ann Thorac Surg 95:2042-50
Anastacio, Melissa M; Kanter, Evelyn M; Keith, Angela D et al. (2013) Inhibition of Succinate Dehydrogenase by Diazoxide Is Independent of the ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Subunit Sulfonylurea Type 1 Receptor. J Am Coll Surg 216:1144-9
Anastacio, Melissa M; Lee, Anson M; Lawton, Jennifer S (2012) Congenital fistula from the left main coronary artery to the left atrium presenting with an acute myocardial infarction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 144:e147-8

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