Mental illness is a major public health concern in the U.S. and a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Racial and ethnic minority patients experience disproportionate burdens of common physical health conditions associated with mental illness, largely due to the lack of health care access and social stigma. Effectively treating mental illness and the associated conditions will depend on a comprehensive approach that crosses health systems and policies, such as the Community Benefit State Laws, to target ?Population Health? and emphasize the value of social determinants of health. However, the current mental health care system works in a silo, and evidence of care coordination on health disparities is lacking. The goal of this study is to examine system-level care coordination among hospitals, communities, and public health agencies, and to estimate its impacts on unmet health care needs in African American and Latino patients with mental illness. The rationale for the proposed research is that once it is known what specific coordination practices (e.g. medical services, transportation, public housing) and policies are most successful for different patient populations, integration of mental and physical health care delivery systems can be designed in a more cost-effective way to overcome the barriers from stigma and limited health care access. In this project, we will first determine the effects of Community Benefit State Laws on racial and ethnic disparities in health care access, quality, and costs among people with mental illness (Aim 1). Within this context, we will further identify the variation of hospital-based adoption of care coordination practices and its correlation with patient and community level socio- demographics, local public health resources, and the extent of the implementation of community benefit laws (Aim 2); and determine the impact of care coordination practices between hospitals, communities, and public health agencies on racial and ethnic health disparities (Aim 3). We will use mixed methods: (1) we will construct a multi-level data set by linking multiple nationally representative data sets and use difference-in- differences approach to estimate the impact of system-level care coordination on different racial/ethnic groups; and (2) we will investigate challenges to implementing system-level coordination using focus groups of racial and ethnic minority patient representatives, hospital administrators and providers, and representatives from public health agencies. The proposed research is significant because (1) identified practices are expected to provide evidence on how to personalize mental health care coordination for racial and ethnic minority patients to address heterogeneous preferences in mental health treatment; (2) identified system-level care coordination practices are expected to be cost-effective, which in turn can make the coordination sustainable for underserved populations. Our results are expected to break down longstanding silos and bridge the gap between health care providers, community based organizations, social service agencies, and the public health sector delivery system, in addition to providing evidence to reduce health disparities through care coordination.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed research is relevant to public health because results will help us identify the specific sets of system-level care coordination practices (e.g., integrating physical and behavioral health, tracking readmissions, sharing clinical information across health sectors, mental health prevention interventions, transportation, public housing) that work best for minority populations with mental illness and provide evidence to reduce health disparities through care coordination across health care sectors. This timely study will inform the critical role of system-level care coordination in emerging health policy initiatives under the Affordable Care Act and a call for comprehensive mental health care reform. Thus, the proposed research is relevant to the NIMHD?s mission (PAR-16-221) to ?conduct system-level health services research that can directly contribute to improve minority health and/or reduce health disparities in health care settings?.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MD011523-02
Application #
9527183
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Alvidrez, Jennifer L
Project Start
2017-07-12
Project End
2022-02-28
Budget Start
2018-03-01
Budget End
2019-02-28
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Maryland College Park
Department
Administration
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
790934285
City
College Park
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
20742
Benjenk, Ivy; Chen, Jie (2018) Effective mental health interventions to reduce hospital readmission rates: a systematic review. J Hosp Manag Health Policy 2:
Bustamante, Arturo Vargas; Chen, Jie; McKenna, Ryan M et al. (2018) Health Care Access and Utilization Among U.S. Immigrants Before and After the Affordable Care Act. J Immigr Minor Health :
Hu, Tianyan; Mortensen, Karoline; Chen, Jie (2018) Medicaid Managed Care in Florida and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Preventable Emergency Department Visits. Med Care 56:477-483
Bustamante, Arturo Vargas; McKenna, Ryan M; Viana, Joseph et al. (2018) Access-To-Care Differences Between Mexican-Heritage And Other Latinos In California After The Affordable Care Act. Health Aff (Millwood) 37:1400-1408
Chen, Jie; DuGoff, Eva Hisako; Novak, Priscilla et al. (2018) Variation of hospital-based adoption of care coordination services by community-level social determinants of health. Health Care Manage Rev :
Benjenk, Ivy; Chen, Jie (2018) Variation of Follow-Up Rate After Psychiatric Hospitalization of Medicare Beneficiaries by Hospital Characteristics and Social Determinants of Health. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry :