The long-term objectives of this proposal are to understand the genetic and neurobiological basis of individual differences in socio-communicative behavior and cognition in the chimpanzee, a potential valuable species for modeling aspects of the autism phenotype.
One aim of the proposed studies is to behavioral characterize a relatively large sample of chimpanzees (N = 290) on their ability to initiate and engage in joint attention during interspecies communication as assessed on two structured tasks. In addition, measures of sociality and communication will be evaluated during interspecies interaction using observational methods. In addition to the behavioral measures, DNA samples will be obtained from each chimpanzees and allele frequencies and assessment of polymorphic variation in the AVPR1A (vasopressin) and OXTR (oxytocin) genes. The variation in performance on the behavioral measures will be correlated with polymorphic variation in these genes as well as in relation to non-genetic factors including sex and early rearing history of the subjects. These analyses will provide valuable information on the role of genetic and non-genetic factors on individual differences in socio-communicative competencies. In vivo magnetic resonance images will also be collected in a subset of the chimpanzee sample. From the MRI, subjects with different genotypes for the AVPR1A and OXTR gene will be compared on grey and white matter integrity using whole brain, voxel-based morphometry (VBM). This analysis will provide critical data on the role of these genes on the development organization of grey and white matter integrity. In addition, based on the VBM analysis, brain regions of interest that distinguish different genotypes will be quantified and subsequently applied to individual MRI scans. The individual MRI measures will then be correlated with the behavioral phenotypes to examine whether the brain regions distinguishing different AVPR1A and OXTR genotypes subsequently explain variation in socio-communicative competencies. The collective studies will contribute to our understanding of genetic and non-genetic factors that influence cortical organization and socio-communicative competencies.

Public Health Relevance

Joint attention is a critical skill and foundation for normal socio-communicative development in children and appears to be disrupted in certain neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism. The proposed studies aim to investigate the role of genetic and early rearing factors on the development of joint attention and to identify brain areas that might account for individual differences in this behavior.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01MH092923-02
Application #
8471263
Study Section
Biobehavioral Regulation, Learning and Ethology Study Section (BRLE)
Program Officer
Simmons, Janine M
Project Start
2011-08-30
Project End
2016-07-31
Budget Start
2012-08-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$395,156
Indirect Cost
$45,450
Name
Georgia State University
Department
Neurosciences
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
837322494
City
Atlanta
State
GA
Country
United States
Zip Code
30302
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Latzman, Robert D; Schapiro, Steven J; Hopkins, William D (2017) Triarchic Psychopathy Dimensions in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Investigating Associations with Genetic Variation in the Vasopressin Receptor 1A Gene. Front Neurosci 11:407
Hecht, E E; Mahovetz, L M; Preuss, T M et al. (2017) A neuroanatomical predictor of mirror self-recognition in chimpanzees. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 12:37-48
Latzman, Robert D; Patrick, Christopher J; Freeman, Hani J et al. (2017) Etiology of Triarchic Psychopathy Dimensions in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Clin Psychol Sci 5:341-354
Latzman, Robert D; Drislane, Laura E; Hecht, Lisa K et al. (2016) A Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Model of Triarchic Psychopathy Constructs: Development and Initial Validation. Clin Psychol Sci 4:50-66
Krachun, Carla; Lurz, Robert; Russell, Jamie L et al. (2016) Smoke and mirrors: Testing the scope of chimpanzees' appearance-reality understanding. Cognition 150:53-67
Latzman, Robert D; Young, Larry J; Hopkins, William D (2016) Displacement behaviors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): A neurogenomics investigation of the RDoC Negative Valence Systems domain. Psychophysiology 53:355-63
Mahovetz, L M; Young, L J; Hopkins, W D (2016) The influence of AVPR1A genotype on individual differences in behaviors during a mirror self-recognition task in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Genes Brain Behav 15:445-52
Hopkins, William D; Misiura, Maria; Pope, Sarah M et al. (2015) Behavioral and brain asymmetries in primates: a preliminary evaluation of two evolutionary hypotheses. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1359:65-83
Leavens, David A; Reamer, Lisa A; Mareno, Mary Catherine et al. (2015) Distal Communication by Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Evidence for Common Ground? Child Dev 86:1623-38

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