Current medications for major depression suffer from numerous limitations. Once the right drug for treatment has been determined, it will still take several weeks for it to take effect and improve mood. This time lag has been a serious concern for the healthcare community when dealing with patients with suicidal thoughts. However, recent clinical studies have shown that a single low-dose injection of ketamine, an N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has rapid antidepressant effects that are observed within hours and are long lasting, even in patients who do not respond well to various other anti-depressants. In preclinical studies, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the eukaryotic elongation factor (eEF2) in the hippocampus have been proposed as critical mediators of ketamine rapid antidepressant actions. However, so far, all studies examining the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine have focused on male subjects. This is very surprising in light of the fact that major depression affects twice as many women as men. Thus, it is especially important to determine whether the same doses of ketamine that are beneficial in male subjects will be efficient in female subjects as well. It is aso important to determine whether the antidepressant effects of ketamine in female rats will implicate the same molecular pathways described in male rats (mTOR in the mPFC and/or eEF2 in the hippocampus) and determine if gonadal hormones, and in particular 17 -estradiol (E2) and its receptors (ER and/or ER), play a role in these effects (in view of the large literature showing interactions between estrogen and the downstream signaling of the NMDAR). Our preliminary data showed that female rats are more sensitive to ketamine antidepressant effects when compared to male rats; a low dose of ketamine (2.5 mg/kg), that is not antidepressant in males, had clear and long-term antidepressant effects in female rats. Excitedly, the antidepressant effects of this low dose of ketamine were completely abolished when female rats were ovariectomized. This effect was completely reversed when E2 benzoate (E2B) -but not progesterone (P4) - was supplemented, suggesting a role for E2 at enhancing the antidepressant effects of ketamine in female rats. Accordingly, in this application we will tes the general hypothesis that gonadal E2 plays a major role in sex differences in the antidepressant effects of ketamine.

Public Health Relevance

Current medications for major depression suffer from numerous limitations and take several weeks to improve mood. However, recent clinical studies have shown that a single low-dose injection of ketamine, an N-methyl d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has rapid antidepressant effects that are observed within hours and are long lasting, even in patients who do not respond well to various other anti-depressants. In this application, we will test the general hypothesis that gonadal estrogen plays a major role in sex differences in the antidepressant effects of ketamine.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01MH099085-03
Application #
8826814
Study Section
Biobehavioral Regulation, Learning and Ethology Study Section (BRLE)
Program Officer
Winsky, Lois M
Project Start
2013-06-21
Project End
2016-03-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2016-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Florida State University
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
790877419
City
Tallahassee
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
32306
Dossat, Amanda M; Wright, Katherine N; Strong, Caroline E et al. (2018) Behavioral and biochemical sensitivity to low doses of ketamine: Influence of estrous cycle in C57BL/6 mice. Neuropharmacology 130:30-41
Strong, C E; Kabbaj, Mohamed (2018) On the safety of repeated ketamine infusions for the treatment of depression: Effects of sex and developmental periods. Neurobiol Stress 9:166-175
Wright, Katherine N; Kabbaj, Mohamed (2018) Sex differences in sub-anesthetic ketamine's antidepressant effects and abuse liability. Curr Opin Behav Sci 23:36-41
Saland, Samantha K; Duclot, Florian; Kabbaj, Mohamed (2017) Integrative analysis of sex differences in the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine in preclinical models for individualized clinical outcomes. Curr Opin Behav Sci 14:19-26
Wright, Katherine N; Strong, Caroline E; Addonizio, Marjorie N et al. (2017) Reinforcing properties of an intermittent, low dose of ketamine in rats: effects of sex and cycle. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 234:393-401
Strong, C E; Schoepfer, K J; Dossat, A M et al. (2017) Locomotor sensitization to intermittent ketamine administration is associated with nucleus accumbens plasticity in male and female rats. Neuropharmacology 121:195-203
Dossat, Amanda M; Jourdi, Hussam; Wright, Katherine N et al. (2017) Viral-mediated Zif268 expression in the prefrontal cortex protects against gonadectomy-induced working memory, long-term memory, and social interaction deficits in male rats. Neuroscience 340:243-257
Elvir, Lindsay; Duclot, Florian; Wang, Zuoxin et al. (2017) Epigenetic regulation of motivated behaviors by histone deacetylase inhibitors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev :
Schoepfer, Kristin J; Strong, Caroline E; Saland, Samantha K et al. (2017) Sex- and dose-dependent abuse liability of repeated subanesthetic ketamine in rats. Physiol Behav :
Duclot, Florian; Kabbaj, Mohamed (2017) Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effects of Antidepressant Drugs in Stress-Susceptible Mice. Biol Psychiatry 81:278-279

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