Prion is a protein-based infectious agent that causes a group of neurodegenerative disorders known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (or prion diseases). Despite years of researches, the molecular mechanism of prion transmission remains unclear. The recently developed protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) protocol for generating highly infectious prions from bacterially expressed recombinant prion protein in the presence of well-defined cofactors offers unique opportunities to probe the molecular basis of prion transmission. In this multiple PI application, we propose to use an integrated approach combining generation of recombinant prions in vitro, animal bioassay, and biophysical/structural characterization to (i) elucidate the role of lipids in prion infectivity, (i) rigorously test the hypothesis that a strong prion transmission barrier can be abrogated by serial adaptive conformational changes, and (iii) establish a novel recombinant prion propagation protocol to generate large quantities of infectious prions and, thus, facilitate future structural studies at a higher resolution level. These studies, which integrate structural and biological characterization of recombinant prions, are expected to provide valuable insights into the mechanism of prion transmission. Moreover, given the recent discoveries of a prion-like propagation of ordered protein aggregates in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, the findings from our studies should also have important implications for understanding the pathogenic process in these more common neurodegenerative diseases.

Public Health Relevance

Prion diseases are a group of transmissible neurodegenerative diseases affecting both human and animals. The outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathies (BSE) and the subsequent cross species prion transmission to humans to cause variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) underscore the importance of understanding the mechanism of prion transmission. The studies in this application are designed to gain insight into the molecular basis for prion transmission and the barrier for prion transmission across species, which is highly relevant to human health.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS060729-08
Application #
8893165
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1)
Program Officer
Wong, May
Project Start
2007-12-01
Project End
2018-06-30
Budget Start
2015-07-01
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
8
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Van Andel Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
129273160
City
Grand Rapids
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
49503
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