Radiation therapy (RT) is a major treatment modality for primary and metastatic brain neoplasms. Radiation-induced neurotoxicity is a limiting factor for brain RT. Clinical symptoms can occur acutely and subacutely after brain irradiation, but most devastated neurotoxicity manifests of late neurological sequelae, including neurocognitive dysfunction, and white matter degeneration and necrosis. Given the delayed nature of neurotoxicity, it would be important to develop biomarkers, including derived from in vivo functional and molecular imaging, for early assessment of individual sensitivity to radiation and prediction of late neurotoxicity. Radiation-induced cerebral tissue injury is a complex and dynamic process, and involves in multiple tissue compartments. Cerebral vascular injury, which has been long considered to be crucial important for the development of cerebral tissue toxicity, occurs early after irradiation. White matter degeneration, including demyelination and necrosis, is progressive over time after brain irradiation. In this study, using in vivo dynamic-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, we aim to detect early alternations in cerebral vasculature and white matter tissue in the patients who have low-grade glioma or benign tumors and undergo fractionated partial brain RT. Also, we aim to determine the bio-dosimetric effects, including total dose and dose-volume, on the alterations of cerebral vasculature and white matter.
We aim to assess neurocognitive function in the patients from pre RT up to 2 years post RT, and to determine correlative relationships of early cerebral vascular injury and early delayed white matter degradation with late neurocognitive dysfunction. We hypothesize that early monitoring of changes in cerebral microvessels and tissue degeneration in response t fractionated RT would allow us to predict late neurocognitive deficits.

Public Health Relevance

Radiation therapy is a major treatment modality for brain tumor. However, radiation can generate neurological complications after treatment. This study aims to identify early signs of complications using functional imaging, thereby to reduce radiation complications by advanced radiation technologies and/or therapeutic intervention.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS064973-03
Application #
8071504
Study Section
Radiation Therapeutics and Biology Study Section (RTB)
Program Officer
Fountain, Jane W
Project Start
2009-05-15
Project End
2014-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$337,385
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
073133571
City
Ann Arbor
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48109
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Farjam, Reza; Tsien, Christina I; Feng, Felix Y et al. (2014) Investigation of the diffusion abnormality index as a new imaging biomarker for early assessment of brain tumor response to radiation therapy. Neuro Oncol 16:131-9

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