Although it is clear that even the youngest infants can experience significant pain as the result of injury, disease, surgery or intensive care therapy, little is known about how tissue damage affects the intrinsic excitability of neurons within developing pain circuits in the central nervous system (CNS). Since the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord (SDH) functions as a critical relay station in the pain pathway, a better understanding of how the intrinsic membrane properties of SDH neurons are influenced by tissue injury at different ages represents an important and logical first step towards addressing this issue. The long-term goal is to improve the clinical treatment of pain in infants and children by identifying novel analgesic strategies which are more developmentally appropriate. The overall objective of this application, which is the next step in pursuit of that goal, is to identify the key ionic conductances which regulate the intrinsic excitability of developing neurons within the SDH under normal and pathological conditions. The central hypothesis is that excitatory interneurons within lamina I exhibit intrinsic, pacemaker-type oscillations during a critical period of early postnatal development, which are driven by persistent Na+ and Ca2+ currents and facilitated by neonatal tissue damage. The rationale of the proposed research is that understanding how intrinsic neuronal excitability is specifically regulated within immature nociceptive circuits will reveal new ways to modulate their output which would not be evident from studies in the adult. Guided by strong preliminary data, the central hypothesis will be tested and the overall objective of this application achieved by pursuing the following specific aims: 1) Identify the SDH neurons which are spontaneously active during early postnatal development;(2) Elucidate the ionic mechanisms which drive the intrinsic firing of neonatal SDH neurons;and (3) Detect cell-type-specific changes in ion channel expression and intrinsic excitability within the developing SDH network following early tissue damage.
These aims will be accomplished by using in vitro electrophysiological, immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques to characterize the ionic mechanisms regulating neuronal excitability in identified subtypes of developing SDH neurons and determine the extent to which these intrinsic membrane properties are modulated by tissue injury in an age-dependent manner. The outcome of these investigations will be new insight into how activity within immature spinal pain networks is controlled at the cellular level. As a result, the proposed research is significant because it will begin to provide the knowledge needed to develop evidence- based treatments for chronic pediatric pain.

Public Health Relevance

The expected outcomes of the proposed research will have a positive impact on public health by illustrating that the underlying causes of pain hypersensitivity under pathological conditions are highly developmentally regulated. By elucidating the mechanisms by which early tissue damage modulates intrinsic neuronal excitability within central nociceptive networks during postnatal development, this research also brings the promise of identifying novel approaches to regulate pain pathways in an age-specific manner, which would greatly aid efforts to improve the clinical management of pediatric pain.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS072202-05
Application #
8733771
Study Section
Somatosensory and Chemosensory Systems Study Section (SCS)
Program Officer
Oshinsky, Michael L
Project Start
2010-09-01
Project End
2015-08-31
Budget Start
2014-09-01
Budget End
2015-08-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Cincinnati
Department
Anesthesiology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45221
Ford, Neil C; Ren, Dejian; Baccei, Mark L (2018) NALCN channels enhance the intrinsic excitability of spinal projection neurons. Pain 159:1719-1730
Li, Jie; Baccei, Mark L (2017) Functional Organization of Cutaneous and Muscle Afferent Synapses onto Immature Spinal Lamina I Projection Neurons. J Neurosci 37:1505-1517
Ford, Neil C; Baccei, Mark L (2016) Inward-rectifying K+ (Kir2) leak conductance dampens the excitability of lamina I projection neurons in the neonatal rat. Neuroscience 339:502-510
Li, Jie; Kritzer, Elizabeth; Ford, Neil C et al. (2015) Connectivity of pacemaker neurons in the neonatal rat superficial dorsal horn. J Comp Neurol 523:1038-1053
Baccei, Mark L (2014) Pacemaker Neurons and the Development of Nociception. Neuroscientist 20:197-202
Li, J; Baccei, M L (2014) Neonatal tissue injury reduces the intrinsic excitability of adult mouse superficial dorsal horn neurons. Neuroscience 256:392-402
Li, Jie; Blankenship, Meredith L; Baccei, Mark L (2013) Deficits in glycinergic inhibition within adult spinal nociceptive circuits after neonatal tissue damage. Pain 154:1129-39
Blankenship, M L; Coyle, D E; Baccei, M L (2013) Transcriptional expression of voltage-gated Naýýý and voltage-independent Kýýý channels in the developing rat superficial dorsal horn. Neuroscience 231:305-14
Li, Jie; Blankenship, Meredith L; Baccei, Mark L (2013) Inward-rectifying potassium (Kir) channels regulate pacemaker activity in spinal nociceptive circuits during early life. J Neurosci 33:3352-62
Li, Jie; Baccei, Mark L (2012) Developmental regulation of membrane excitability in rat spinal lamina I projection neurons. J Neurophysiol 107:2604-14

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