Anti-angiogenic therapy holds much promise for the treatment of malignancies like glioblastoma (GBM), a devastating brain cancer for which effective treatments are badly needed. Based on encouraging clinical trial results, in 2009, the anti-angiogenic VEGF-neutralizing antibody bevacizumab became just the third FDA-approved treatment for GBM in the past four decades. However, while the initial responses to anti-angiogenic therapy are often significant, these agents have had limited durations of response. Many tumors, after responding initially, develop acquired invasive resistance, a rapidly progressive state with a poor prognosis. Mouse models suggest that resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy likely reflects transcriptional or translational changes that are more readily generated than the mutations that typically arise with traditional chemotherapy resistance. The goal of this application is to investigate the hypothesis that invasive anti-angiogenic therapy resistance is mediated by an interaction between upregulated receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met and ?1 integrin, and that targeting these two factors or their upstream regulators can prevent or overcome therapeutic resistance. We will investigate this hypothesis within the following Specific Aims:
Aim 1 - Determine the mechanisms by which chemotactic c-Met and haptotactic ?1 integrin are upregulated following anti-angiogenic therapy;
Aim 2 - Examine the mechanisms by which c-Met and ?1 integrin interact to promote invasion and growth of tumors resistant to anti-angiogenic therapy;
and Aim 3 - Investigate the impact of disrupting c-Met and ?1 integrin or their regulators on the in vivo invasive growth of tumors during anti-angiogenic therapy or after acquired resistance. We will carry out these studies using unique tools and innovations developed in my lab, including novel in vivo models of anti-angiogenic therapy resistance and an innovative application of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) to correlate integrin mobility and turnover in focal adhesions with drug resistance. Successful completion of this project could (1) define the effects of VEGF on tumor invasion; (2) define central mechanisms of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy, which would also help us understand how tumors adapt to hypoxia in general; and (3) identify agents targeting invasive resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Therefore, we expect these studies to offer insight into the double-edged sword of anti-angiogenic therapy by revealing adverse effects of prolonged devascularization or VEGF blockade, and could ultimately allow anti-angiogenic therapy to fulfill its tremendous therapeutic promise.

Public Health Relevance

While much heralded, the arrival of angiogenesis inhibitors into the clinic, in particular ones targeting the VEGF pathway has unfortunately been associated with mostly transitory responses followed by renewed tumor progression, typically of an invasive nature. This project will focus on the hypothesis that invasive anti-angiogenic therapy resistance is mediated by an interaction between upregulated receptor tyrosine kinase c- Met and ?1 integrin, and that targeting these two factors or their upstream regulators can prevent or overcome therapeutic resistance. Verification of this hypothesis would pave the way for targeting resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy before it leads to untreatable tumor growth, potentially restoring the therapeutic promise once held by anti-angiogenic therapies and offering the improved survival that patients with malignancies like glioblastoma desperately need.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01NS079697-03
Application #
8870458
Study Section
Tumor Microenvironment Study Section (TME)
Program Officer
Fountain, Jane W
Project Start
2013-09-30
Project End
2018-05-31
Budget Start
2015-06-01
Budget End
2016-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$346,719
Indirect Cost
$127,969
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Neurosurgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
094878337
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
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Jahangiri, Arman; Nguyen, Alan; Chandra, Ankush et al. (2017) Cross-activating c-Met/?1 integrin complex drives metastasis and invasive resistance in cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E8685-E8694
Castro, B A; Flanigan, P; Jahangiri, A et al. (2017) Macrophage migration inhibitory factor downregulation: a novel mechanism of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Oncogene 36:3749-3759
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Barajas Jr, Ramon F; Butowski, Nicholas A; Phillips, Joanna J et al. (2016) The Development of Reduced Diffusion Following Bevacizumab Therapy Identifies Regions of Recurrent Disease in Patients with High-grade Glioma. Acad Radiol 23:1073-82

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