Adipose tissue distribution is an important determinant of obesity-related comorbidities. Peripheral obesity (subcutaneous/gluteofemoral adipose tissue accumulation) is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and lower risk for metabolic co-morbidities such as dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and type-2-diabetes. It has been postulated that the protective effects of peripheral adipose tissue occur via its ability to sequester surplus lipid and thus serve as a metabolic sink. We propose to systematically examine how peripheral adipose tissue serves a protective role in obesity using a model in which various amounts of peripheral adipose tissue are removed. In support of this, removal of peripheral adipose tissue leads to impaired glucose tolerance and tissue-specific lipid accumulation in mice.
Aim 1 investigates the role of peripheral adipose tissue in glucose homeostasis.
Aim 2 will examine how peripheral adipose tissue removal leads to impaired glucose tolerance. Overall, completion of these aims will provide new insight into how peripheral adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis. Results from these studies will fundamentally advance the field of adipose tissue biology and increase our understanding of potential therapeutic strategies for obesity prevention and treatment.

Public Health Relevance

Central obesity is a risk factor for many adverse metabolic outcomes such as dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and type-2-diabetes, while peripheral obesity is associated with improved insulin sensitivity and lower risk for these adverse outcomes. This project attempts to determine why peripheral adipose tissue is linked to improved insulin sensitivity.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Small Research Grants (R03)
Project #
5R03DK099425-02
Application #
8815175
Study Section
Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases D Subcommittee (DDK)
Program Officer
Spain, Lisa M
Project Start
2014-04-01
Project End
2017-03-31
Budget Start
2015-04-01
Budget End
2017-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Colorado State University-Fort Collins
Department
Nutrition
Type
Sch of Home Econ/Human Ecology
DUNS #
785979618
City
Fort Collins
State
CO
Country
United States
Zip Code
80523
Magnuson, Aaron M; Fouts, Josephine K; Regan, Daniel P et al. (2018) Adipose tissue extrinsic factor: Obesity-induced inflammation and the role of the visceral lymph node. Physiol Behav 190:71-81
Magnuson, A M; Regan, D P; Fouts, J K et al. (2017) Diet-induced obesity causes visceral, but not subcutaneous, lymph node hyperplasia via increases in specific immune cell populations. Cell Prolif 50:
Lee, Dustin M; Battson, Micah L; Jarrell, Dillon K et al. (2017) Fuzhuan tea reverses arterial stiffening after modest weight gain in mice. Nutrition 33:266-270
Booth, A D; Magnuson, A M; Cox-York, K A et al. (2017) Inhibition of adipose tissue PPAR? prevents increased adipocyte expansion after lipectomy and exacerbates a glucose-intolerant phenotype. Cell Prolif 50:
Foster, Michelle T (2017) So as we worry we weigh: Visible burrow system stress and visceral adiposity. Physiol Behav 178:151-156
Booth, Andrea; Magnuson, Aaron; Fouts, Josephine et al. (2016) Adipose tissue: an endocrine organ playing a role in metabolic regulation. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 26:25-42
Foster, Michelle T; Gentile, Christopher L; Cox-York, Kimberly et al. (2016) Fuzhuan tea consumption imparts hepatoprotective effects and alters intestinal microbiota in high saturated fat diet-fed rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 60:1213-20
Cox-York, K; Wei, Y; Wang, D et al. (2015) Lower body adipose tissue removal decreases glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice with exposure to high fat diet. Adipocyte 4:32-43
Booth, Andrea; Magnuson, Aaron; Fouts, Josephine et al. (2015) Adipose tissue, obesity and adipokines: role in cancer promotion. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 21:57-74
Cox-York, Kimberly A; Sheflin, Amy M; Foster, Michelle T et al. (2015) Ovariectomy results in differential shifts in gut microbiota in low versus high aerobic capacity rats. Physiol Rep 3:

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