Antigen presenting cells are key players in the immune response. They are involved in priming naove and effector cells and are critical for orchestrating a response to infection as well as responses to self- antigens (autoimmunity). Among antigen presenting cells, B cells are uniquely capable of presenting small amounts of antigen, which they capture and take up through surface immunoglobulin (Ig). Based on our preliminary findings, we hypothesize that HLA-DM is a key player in enhancing presentation of antigen taken up through Ig on the surface of the B cell by bringing Ig in close proximity to MHC II and facilitating antigen release from Ig. Here, we propose to assess the functional outcome of the DM/Ig interaction in cells. We will engineer a B cell line to express a GAD65 specific immunoglobulin as well as a mutant DM that does not interact with Ig but does interact with MHC II. Mutant and wild type DM will be compared for their ability to enhance presentation of GAD65 in T cell proliferation assays, across a range of B cell numbers and antigen doses. We also propose to localize the site of the HLA-DM/Ig interaction in cells by using proximity ligation assays and fluorescence microscopy. Although we focus here on surface immunoglobulin as an antigen receptor in B cells, our results will have implications for the function of other antigen presenting cell types, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that take up immune complexes via surface Fc receptors (FcR). These antigen/antibody complexes are also targeted to the endosomal pathway, where they encounter HLA-DM.

Public Health Relevance

In health, the immune system responds to foreign antigens and mounts a response to infection. In autoimmune disease, the immune system mounts a response against the body's own (self) antigens. Antigen presenting cells mediate a critical initiating role in the development of an effective immune response by presenting self and foreign antigens to responder cells of the immune system. This project investigates a newly discovered interaction between molecules involved in antigen processing and presentation, a process that is key in shaping the immune response against foreign and self antigens with consequences for infectious as well as autoimmune diseases. The experimental system employed uses proteins of relevance to type 1 diabetes in humans.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
1R21AI095813-01
Application #
8177239
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Immunology - A Study Section (CMIA)
Program Officer
Gondre-Lewis, Timothy A
Project Start
2011-05-20
Project End
2013-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-20
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$237,000
Indirect Cost
Name
Stanford University
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
009214214
City
Stanford
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94305
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