Proton therapy is a favorable treatment modality for tumors with irregular shapes and near critical organs because of its ability to deliver highly conformal radiation dose distributions to the tumor target volume, with better sparing of surrounding normal tissues. Verification of the beam delivery within the patient is very important to ensure the proper functioning of treatment planning and delivery systems. Positron emission tomography (PET) is being investigated for the validation of beam delivery by imaging the activity distribution of positron-emitting radionuclides produced within the patient. The PET monitoring of proton therapy can be performed either during (in-beam) or after (off-line) the irradiation. In-beam monitoring is advantageous as both short-lived (such as 15O) and relatively long-lived nuclides (such as 11C and 13N) can be imaged with high sensitivity. However, it requires the integration of a dedicated PET imaging system into the proton therapy facility, usually a dual-head system since full-ring geometry is not feasible because of geometric constraints, and does not lead to full tomographical data. The technically less-demanding Off-line approach involves transporting the patient to a nearby commercial PET scanner (usually a full-ring system) outside the treatment room for imaging after the irradiation. However, usually there is a delay between irradiation and PET imaging so that short-lived nuclides, most importantly 15O, would have decayed. As a combination of these two scenarios, a full-ring PET scanner within the treatment room is very desirable so that the patient can be imaged immediately after irradiation. The in-room PET monitoring of proton therapy is possible with the recent availability of a mobile full-ring PET scanner at MGH. The goal of this grant is to establish, in a pilot clinic study, the feasibility and potentials of using a mobile PET scanner for in-room adaptive monitoring of proton therapy by imaging the endogenous activity distribution of positron-emitting radionuclides produced within the patient during proton therapy.

Public Health Relevance

Proton therapy is a favorable treatment modality for tumors with irregular shapes and near critical organs because of its ability to deliver highly conformal radiation dose distributions to the tumor target volume, with better sparing of surrounding normal tissues. Verification of the beam delivery within the patient is very important to ensure the proper functioning of treatment planning and delivery systems. Positron emission tomography (PET) is being investigated for the validation of beam delivery by imaging the activity distribution of positron-emitting radionuclides produced within the patient. The PET monitoring of proton therapy is currently performed either during (in-beam) or after (off-line, with delay) the irradiation. We will establish, in a pilot clinic study, the feasibility and potentials of in-room PET monitoring/verification (immediately off-beam, no delay) for proton therapy in a pilot clinical trial.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21CA153455-02
Application #
8145194
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-SBIB-V (51))
Program Officer
Farahani, Keyvan
Project Start
2010-09-20
Project End
2013-08-31
Budget Start
2011-09-01
Budget End
2013-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$353,777
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199
Min, Chul Hee; Zhu, Xuping; Grogg, Kira et al. (2015) A Recommendation on How to Analyze In-Room PET for In Vivo Proton Range Verification Using a Distal PET Surface Method. Technol Cancer Res Treat 14:320-5
Grogg, Kira; Alpert, Nathaniel M; Zhu, Xuping et al. (2015) Mapping (15)O production rate for proton therapy verification. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 92:453-9
Grogg, Kira; Zhu, Xuping; Min, Chul Hee et al. (2013) Feasibility of Using Distal Endpoints for In-room PET Range Verification of Proton Therapy. IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 60:3290-3297
Min, Chul Hee; Zhu, Xuping; Winey, Brian A et al. (2013) Clinical application of in-room positron emission tomography for in vivo treatment monitoring in proton radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:183-9
Zhu, Xuping; EspaƱa, Samuel; Daartz, Juliane et al. (2011) Monitoring proton radiation therapy with in-room PET imaging. Phys Med Biol 56:4041-57
Espana, S; Zhu, X; Daartz, J et al. (2011) The reliability of proton-nuclear interaction cross-section data to predict proton-induced PET images in proton therapy. Phys Med Biol 56:2687-98