Death of spinal motor neurons is a hallmark of devastating and currently untreatable neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is currently known about the reasons why motor neurons are particularly sensitive to mutations affecting broadly expressed genes, such as SOD1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or SMN in spinal muscular atrophy. It is assumed that cell intrinsic differences in motor neurons underlie the disease susceptibility, but nature of such modifiers on neuronal survival is currently poorly understood. Here we propose to study a recently generated mutation of a mir-17~92 cluster of micro RNAs. The deletion of this cluster results in a striking loss of limb muscle innervating spinal motor neurons, while other spinal neuronal classes appear unaffected. We propose to: first, study the cellular pathology of mir-17~92 null animals to determine whether any other cells besides motor neurons are dying in mir-17~92 null spinal cords and whether individual motor neuron subtypes exhibit different degree of degeneration. We will examine whether motor neuron cell death is due to cell autonomous function of miRNAs or due to the loss of miRNAs in other cells that might impinge on motor neuron survival in a non-cell autonomous fashion. Finally, we will determine whether miRNAs are required both in progenitors and postmitotic neurons to exert their pro-survival function. Second, we propose to dissect which specific miRNAs from the mir-17~92 cluster are involved in motor neuron death and which genes are deregulated in the absence of the miRNAs. We will test whether previously identified pro-apoptotic targets are involved in motor neuron degeneration. Furthermore, we will perform unbiased expression screen and test the function of selected identified biochemical pathways in motor neuron survival. As a lead into future studies we propose to determine whether overexpression of the miRNA cluster might save motor neurons from naturally occurring programmed cell death. We expect that these studies will define cellular pathologies in the developing spinal cord connected to the loss of mir-17 ~ 92 clusters and identify relevant molecular pathways linking the miRNAs and motor neuron survival. Understanding miRNA controlled cell type specific survival pathways might provide new targets for slowing down or arresting progression of motor neuron loss in motor neuron diseases.

Public Health Relevance

We propose to study the role of mir-17 ~ 92 clusters of micro RNAs in the regulation of the survival or death of spinal motor neuron subtypes. These studies have direct relevance to public health as they strive to identify reasons why specific subtypes of motor neurons might be more susceptible to genetic or environmental insults causing motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig disease) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The proposed exploration of molecular pathways will provide new potential targets for therapeutic interventions aimed to slow down or arrest progression of motor neuron loss in the diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21NS076936-02
Application #
8463266
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neurodegeneration Study Section (CMND)
Program Officer
Gubitz, Amelie
Project Start
2012-05-01
Project End
2014-04-30
Budget Start
2013-05-01
Budget End
2014-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$190,481
Indirect Cost
$69,856
Name
Columbia University (N.Y.)
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
621889815
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Tung, Ying-Tsen; Lu, Ya-Lin; Peng, Kuan-Chih et al. (2015) Mir-17?92 Governs Motor Neuron Subtype Survival by Mediating Nuclear PTEN. Cell Rep 11:1305-18