The cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a common hemorrhagic vascular anomaly, presenting in sporadic and familial autosomal dominant forms, with three known gene loci. It affects more than a million Americans, predisposing them to a lifetime risk of stroke and epilepsy. There is currently no therapy to prevent the genesis or clinical progression of CCM lesions. Our group and others have implicated RhoA/ROCK signaling in vascular hyperpermeability central to CCM pathogenesis, and we developed murine models recapitulating the human disease. Our ongoing preclinical research has suggested ROCK activity as a biomarker of CCM disease severity, and its inhibition as potential therapy. We now propose an exploratory developmental project in human CCM patients, to translate observations from murine models that would suggest an exaggerated brain vascular leak in the familial form of the disease, and ROCK activity as a potential biomarker of this hyperpermeability. Our team has characterized a large cohort of human CCM patients, and we have implemented the tools to quantify human brain permeability using magnetic resonance dynamic contrast-enhanced quantitative perfusion (DCEQP) of gadolinium contrast agent, and to assess biomarkers of ROCK activity on peripheral blood leukocytes in patients. We hypothesize that vascular permeability is increased in the brain of patients with familial CCM disease who are heterozygous for one of the three CCM genes, that variances in this hyperpermeability among CCM patients reflect differences in disease severity, and correlate with ROCK activity in peripheral blood leukocytes. This research will validate practical novel tools of brain permeability and a blood bioassay as biomarkers of ROCK activity in CCM disease. In line with ongoing preclinical studies, our results will provide a further proof of concept in man. One or both techniques may be used in future research aimed at predicting and modifying CCM disease behavior in man and will likely help calibrate ROCK inhibition therapies in clinical trials. They will be applicable to other brain diseases where ROCK mediated hyperpermeability has been postulated as a central mechanism.

Public Health Relevance

There is presently no therapy to prevent the neurologic sequelae of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), affecting more than one million Americans. Firm mechanistic rationale and experimental observations now motivate an exploratory developmental project, aimed at applying brain vascular permeability measurements and ROCK activity assays as biomarkers of CCM disease, and its potential therapeutic modification in man.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Exploratory/Developmental Grants (R21)
Project #
5R21NS087328-02
Application #
8932841
Study Section
Acute Neural Injury and Epilepsy Study Section (ANIE)
Program Officer
Koenig, James I
Project Start
2014-09-30
Project End
2016-08-31
Budget Start
2015-09-01
Budget End
2016-08-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Chicago
Department
Surgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
005421136
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60637
Zeineddine, Hussein A; Girard, Romuald; Cao, Ying et al. (2018) Quantitative susceptibility mapping as a monitoring biomarker in cerebral cavernous malformations with recent hemorrhage. J Magn Reson Imaging 47:1133-1138
Girard, Romuald; Zeineddine, Hussein A; Fam, Maged D et al. (2018) Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation Reflect Seizures and Hemorrhagic Activity of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations. Transl Stroke Res 9:34-43
Girard, Romuald; Zeineddine, Hussein A; Koskimäki, Janne et al. (2018) Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation and Angiogenesis Predict Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Symptomatic Hemorrhage or Lesional Growth. Circ Res 122:1716-1721
Girard, Romuald; Fam, Maged D; Zeineddine, Hussein A et al. (2017) Vascular permeability and iron deposition biomarkers in longitudinal follow-up of cerebral cavernous malformations. J Neurosurg 127:102-110
Girard, Romuald; Khanna, Omaditya; Shenkar, Robert et al. (2016) Peripheral plasma vitamin D and non-HDL cholesterol reflect the severity of cerebral cavernous malformation disease. Biomark Med 10:255-64
Mikati, Abdul G; Khanna, Omaditya; Zhang, Lingjiao et al. (2015) Vascular permeability in cerebral cavernous malformations. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 35:1632-9