A domain-specific approach is proposed to examine the cognitive/motivational processes of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), relative to control children. These studies are unique in three ways. First, they comprise the-first comprehensive comparison of cognitive/motivational variables in ADHD vs. normal children. They examine these cognitive/ motivational variables by applying a model of achievement motivation from the developmental literature (Dweck & Leggett, 1988) to a major form of childhood psychopathology--ADHD. Second, they are the first to examine the domain specificity of motivational processes by examining multiple domains of functioning (academic, social) within a single sample of children, while holding subject variables constant. Third, they are the first studies of which we are aware to apply structural modeling techniques to a longitudinal data set in order to evaluate simultaneously the effects of codiagnoses and cognitive/motivational factors on academic and social outcomes of ADHD children. Using this unique approach, three studies are proposed that, as a group, examine: (1) whether ADHD and matched control children differ in their self-perceptions, attributions/control beliefs, and theories of personal attributes, in a domain-specific manner, (2) whether individual difference variables, e.g., goal orientation, self-perceptions, can predict task persistence, post-performance self-evaluations, and post-performance attributions on academic and social tasks in a laboratory setting; (3) whether for both ADHD and normal children, the effects of failure become more pronounced with increasing age; (4) whether patterns of prediction differ for ADHD children with different codiagnoses; and (5) whether information regarding codiagnoses, combined with cognitive/motivational and self-perception variables, can predict academic achievement and social adjustment over time. Examination of these issues may shed important light on our understanding of ADHD.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Type
First Independent Research Support & Transition (FIRST) Awards (R29)
Project #
5R29MH047390-05
Application #
2247606
Study Section
Psychopathology and Clinical Biology Research Review Committee (PCB)
Project Start
1991-04-01
Project End
1995-08-31
Budget Start
1995-04-01
Budget End
1995-08-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1995
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
053785812
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
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