This proposal is an extension of R37 AI027998, a MERIT award to Marc Jenkins to study the role of D28 family proteins in the provision of costimulatory signals to CD4+ T cells. Significant progress was made in the first 4 years of funding, resulting in 6 senior author paper and 2 middle author papers by Dr. Jenkins. Two of the senior author papers were published in Immunity, 2 in PNAS and 1 in Nature Immunology. These papers and one about to be submitted describe achievement of may ofthe goals of original Specific Aim 1 including development of a sensitive peptide:major histocompatibility complex II (p:MHCIl) tetramer-based cell enrichment assay to detect naive polyclonal p:MHCII-specific CD4+ T cells, validation ofthis assay as a means to monitor clonal expansion, contraction, and memory cell formation from naive p:MHCII-specific precursors during a physiologically relevant bacterial infection, use ofthis assay to show that the major function of CD28 in vivo is to sustain clonal expansion through a signaling pathway involving NFkB but independent of the 2 suspected motifs in the CD28 cytoplamic tail, and identification of the role of CD28 family protein Inducible Costimulator (ICOS) in the formation of central memory cells and follicular helper cells. Progress was also make in Specific Aim 2 including validation of p:MHCIl tetramer-based cell enrichment as a means to study tolerance within polyclonal self-reactive T cell populations in normal repertoires and identification of candidate self antigens of potential relevance to autoimmunity that develops in mice lacking the inhibitory CD28 family protein CTLA-4.
Aims forthe extension period include determination of whether CD28 signaling enhances TCR recruitment to the immune synapse in vivo and identification of MHCII-binding peptides in autoantigens from CTLA-4-deficient mice, production of p:MHCII tetramers containing these peptides, and use of these tetramers to determine if CTLA-4 controls autoimmunity by killing self pMHCII-specific T cells, making them anergic, or converting them into regulatory T cells.

Public Health Relevance

These studies are relevant because they focus on molecules (CD28, ICOS, and CTLA-4) that regulate the quality of the immune response by T lymphocytes. Several promising therapies based on blockade of these molecules are in use, or development for the treatment of arthritis, transplant rejection, and cancer. The plan described in this application is designed to further the understanding ofthe mechanisms by which these molecules control the immune response with the hope of improving the efficacy of the aforementioned treatments and extending them to other T cell-mediated diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award (R37)
Project #
4R37AI027998-27
Application #
9031039
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Ramachandra, Lakshmi
Project Start
1989-04-01
Project End
2018-03-31
Budget Start
2016-04-01
Budget End
2017-03-31
Support Year
27
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
555917996
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55455
Burrack, Adam L; Malhotra, Deepali; Dileepan, Thamotharampillai et al. (2018) Cutting Edge: Allograft Rejection Is Associated with Weak T Cell Responses to Many Different Graft Leukocyte-Derived Peptides. J Immunol 200:477-482
Pape, Kathryn A; Maul, Robert W; Dileepan, Thamotharampillai et al. (2018) Naive B Cells with High-Avidity Germline-Encoded Antigen Receptors Produce Persistent IgM+ and Transient IgG+ Memory B Cells. Immunity 48:1135-1143.e4
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Tubo, Noah J; Pagán, Antonio J; Taylor, Justin J et al. (2013) Single naive CD4+ T cells from a diverse repertoire produce different effector cell types during infection. Cell 153:785-96
Nelson, Ryan W; McLachlan, James B; Kurtz, Jonathan R et al. (2013) CD4+ T cell persistence and function after infection are maintained by low-level peptide:MHC class II presentation. J Immunol 190:2828-34
Pagán, Antonio J; Peters, Nathan C; Debrabant, Alain et al. (2013) Tracking antigen-specific CD4+ T cells throughout the course of chronic Leishmania major infection in resistant mice. Eur J Immunol 43:427-38

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