The overall aim of this new component for INIA is to understand the neurobiology of excessive alcohol consumption. Epidemiological data demonstrate that early initiation of drinking, and particularly excessive drinking, is a major risk factor for eventual alcoholism. Our hypothesis is that both innate differences in gene expression and differences in response to alcohol, particularity to heavy exposure to alcohol in a binge drinking paradigm, contribute to the development of excessive alcohol drinking. We hypothesize that alcohol exposure will affect DNA methylation which will have lasting effects on gene expression and splicing in a way that increases long-term vulnerability to excessive alcohol drinking. All three Specific Aims will be closely linked, by examining gene expression and splicing, DNA methylation, and microRNAs in a coordinated way on the same tissues, so that we can elucidate mechanisms by which alcohol exposure exerts its effects. Our strategy is to study both alcohol-naive animals from lines selected for difference in alcohol preference, to find pre-existing genetic differences that predispose to excessive drinking, and also to study animals that have experienced repeated binge drinking from postnatal day 30 to 58 to determine how that affects gene expression and DNA methylation, and whether the differences persist. We will analyze differences between exposed and unexposed animals at the end of the repeated binges and also 30 days later to see which differences persist. We will focus on key INIA regions: the shell of the nucleus accumbens (Nac-shell), the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), and the ventral tegmental area (VTA);we have microarray data from adult males that show many significant differences in gene expression in these regions. Differences found in global studies, and selected candidate genes from human studies, will be tested to determine whether they are controlled in cis. We will study gene expression, splicing, DNA methylation and microRNAs in the same tissues, to allow an integrated, systems-wide understanding of the effects of alcohol that might underlie excessive alcohol consumption. These mechanistic studies cannot be carried out in humans because we can neither control alcohol exposure nor access brain tissue. For that reason, an additional translational component will be to compare the effects of ethanol on key brain regions with those in an accessible tissue, blood, looking forward to potential human studies.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed studies will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying differences in alcohol preference and excessive alcohol consumption, phenotypes critical in the development of alcoholism. Studying animals exposed to heavy binge drinking should reveal mechanisms that establish increased vulnerability to excessive drinking and alcoholism, and guide the search for better treatments. The studies will complement ongoing work in humans.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
1U01AA020892-01
Application #
8230313
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAA1-DD (50))
Program Officer
Reilly, Matthew
Project Start
2011-09-05
Project End
2016-08-31
Budget Start
2011-09-05
Budget End
2012-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$235,726
Indirect Cost
Name
Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
603007902
City
Indianapolis
State
IN
Country
United States
Zip Code
46202
McClintick, Jeanette N; McBride, William J; Bell, Richard L et al. (2018) Gene expression changes in the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex of adolescent alcohol-preferring (P) rats following binge-like alcohol drinking. Alcohol 68:37-47
Bell, Richard L; Hauser, Sheketha R; McClintick, Jeanette et al. (2016) Ethanol-Associated Changes in Glutamate Reward Neurocircuitry: A Minireview of Clinical and Preclinical Genetic Findings. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 137:41-85
McClintick, Jeanette N; McBride, William J; Bell, Richard L et al. (2016) Gene Expression Changes in Glutamate and GABA-A Receptors, Neuropeptides, Ion Channels, and Cholesterol Synthesis in the Periaqueductal Gray Following Binge-Like Alcohol Drinking by Adolescent Alcohol-Preferring (P) Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:955-68
McClintick, Jeanette N; McBride, William J; Bell, Richard L et al. (2015) Gene expression changes in serotonin, GABA-A receptors, neuropeptides and ion channels in the dorsal raphe nucleus of adolescent alcohol-preferring (P) rats following binge-like alcohol drinking. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 129:87-96
Edenberg, Howard J; Foroud, Tatiana (2014) Genetics of alcoholism. Handb Clin Neurol 125:561-71
McBride, William J; Kimpel, Mark W; McClintick, Jeanette N et al. (2014) Changes in gene expression within the extended amygdala following binge-like alcohol drinking by adolescent alcohol-preferring (P) rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 117:52-60
McBride, William J; Kimpel, Mark W; McClintick, Jeanette N et al. (2013) Gene expression within the extended amygdala of 5 pairs of rat lines selectively bred for high or low ethanol consumption. Alcohol 47:517-29
McBride, William J; Kimpel, Mark W; McClintick, Jeanette N et al. (2013) Changes in gene expression within the ventral tegmental area following repeated excessive binge-like alcohol drinking by alcohol-preferring (P) rats. Alcohol 47:367-80
Edenberg, Howard J; Foroud, Tatiana (2013) Genetics and alcoholism. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 10:487-94
Edenberg, Howard J (2012) Genes contributing to the development of alcoholism: an overview. Alcohol Res 34:336-8

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