Targeted therapies have been a recent focus of drug development for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but the majority of patients eventually develop resistance even to these new drugs. There is thus an urgent need to better understand the pathways underlying drug resistance to identify novel drugs or combinations of drugs that can effectively inhibit these pathways. Through our leadership of the Beat AML program as well as other programs in our laboratories oriented towards CLL, we are amassing a large cohort of patient samples with corresponding genomic, functional, clinical and immune annotation. We are developing novel computational tools to extract useful conclusions from these large datasets. The overall goals of this proposal are to leverage our existing cohorts, high-throughput screening tools, and datasets for prediction and pre-clinical testing of novel drug combinations that will eventually be translated into clinical trials.
The specific aims of this project are to: (1) use genome-wide CRISPR screening and mass cytometry to create a discovery resource of genomic and immune profiles of 500 primary samples from leukemia patients; (2) develop an integrated computational framework (called PRECEPTS) to infer the cellular processes driving resistance to perturbagens and predict combination targets that can overcome resistance; (3) identify synergistic drug combinations by combining ex vivo testing of single drugs with CRISPR/Cas synthetic lethality screening with genes prioritized by computational prediction, and identify resistance pathways by using RNAseq to profile any residual resistant cells; and (4) use the data from (3) to identify and test drug combinations. This proposed project will contribute to all 3 areas of research interest for the CTD2 by improving our understanding of the molecular processes underlying drug sensitivity and resistance in leukemias, developing algorithms to predict markers and targets in these processes, and identifying drugs and/or combinations that will maximize drug sensitivity and minimize resistance. The proposed studies have direct translational relevance in selecting novel treatment strategies for clinical trials, and will benefit the CTD2 by generating large-scale data sets and providing novel computational tools that can be applied to future studies and expanded beyond leukemias.

Public Health Relevance

Most leukemia patients eventually succumb to their disease due to resistance to both conventional chemotherapies and newer targeted agents. We propose to perform computational analyses of large-scale functional, genomic and immunologic datasets from primary leukemia patient samples to understand the pathways involved in drug resistance and predict effective drug combinations. We will then test these predictions in the lab using prospective samples from leukemia patients, which will not only validate new treatment strategies, but also help to refine the computational algorithms for a more accurate and thorough understanding of drug resistance in leukemias.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01CA217862-02
Application #
9554867
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZCA1)
Program Officer
Gerhard, Daniela
Project Start
2017-09-01
Project End
2022-07-31
Budget Start
2018-08-01
Budget End
2019-07-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Oregon Health and Science University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
096997515
City
Portland
State
OR
Country
United States
Zip Code
97239
Jenkins, Chelsea; Luty, Samuel B; Maxson, Julia E et al. (2018) Synthetic lethality of TNK2 inhibition in PTPN11-mutant leukemia. Sci Signal 11:
Davis, Ryan J; Gönen, Mehmet; Margineantu, Daciana H et al. (2018) Pan-cancer transcriptional signatures predictive of oncogenic mutations reveal that Fbw7 regulates cancer cell oxidative metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:5462-5467
Kurtz, Stephen E; Eide, Christopher A; Kaempf, Andy et al. (2018) Dual inhibition of JAK1/2 kinases and BCL2: a promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 32:2025-2028
Watanabe-Smith, Kevin; Druker, Brian J; Tyner, Jeffrey W et al. (2018) Automated decision tree to evaluate genetic abnormalities when determining prognostic risk in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 103:e351-e355
Tyner, Jeffrey W; Tognon, Cristina E; Bottomly, Daniel et al. (2018) Functional genomic landscape of acute myeloid leukaemia. Nature 562:526-531
Gönen, Mehmet; Weir, Barbara A; Cowley, Glenn S et al. (2017) A Community Challenge for Inferring Genetic Predictors of Gene Essentialities through Analysis of a Functional Screen of Cancer Cell Lines. Cell Syst 5:485-497.e3
Khanna, V; Eide, C A; Tognon, C E et al. (2017) Recurrent cyclin D2 mutations in myeloid neoplasms. Leukemia 31:2005-2008
Kurtz, Stephen E; Eide, Christopher A; Kaempf, Andy et al. (2017) Molecularly targeted drug combinations demonstrate selective effectiveness for myeloid- and lymphoid-derived hematologic malignancies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114:E7554-E7563