Latino children are at increased risk for poor educational outcomes, scoring below non-Hispanic Whites in reading and math in elementary and secondary grades and dropping out of high school at higher rates. In part, increased risk to Latino children is associated with overrepresentation in poverty. Increased risk is also associated, however, with reduced language support in early educational environments for children who are English Language Learners (ELLs), leading to poor foundational skills and abilities in literacy, math, and social-emotional competence. To address the problem of poor school readiness among ELL Latino children, we propose to test the efficacy of an innovative preschool curriculum known as Tools of the Mind that is designed to enhance language and self-regulation development and promote children's early academic and social-emotional competencies. To evaluate the program, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial involving 400 children in 80 pre-k classrooms in El Paso, TX and Pinellas County, FL. Treatment classrooms will implement Tools of the Mind and control classrooms will implement """"""""business as usual"""""""" approved curricula at each site. We hypothesize that treatment effects will be observed at the end of pre-k in classrooms implementing Tools of the Mind and will be sustained at the end of kindergarten and first grade. We further hypothesize that effects of the Tools of the Mind program on child language development (in both Spanish and English) and on child self-regulation development will partially account for sustained program effects on school achievement through the end of first grade. We recognize, however, that variation in the amount of instruction in Spanish that children in the sample receive will also influence early language development and school outcomes. Accordingly, we include sites in which the language of instruction will be predominantly Spanish (TX) and predominantly English (FL) to test the hypothesis that ELLs who receive predominantly Spanish instruction during pre-k will experience greater growth in their Spanish and English language development and that this will result in higher literacy and math outcomes in kindergarten and 1st grade.

Public Health Relevance

This project will provide information about the best ways to promote the school readiness of children who are English Languages Learners. In particular, it will test hypotheses about the ways in which key teaching strategies promote the development of aspects of language and self-regulation that are important for early reading, math and social-emotional competence in school.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
7U01HD060296-02
Application #
7933406
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHD1-DSR-H (08))
Program Officer
Mccardle, Peggy D
Project Start
2009-06-01
Project End
2014-05-31
Budget Start
2009-07-01
Budget End
2010-05-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$652,797
Indirect Cost
Name
Temple University
Department
Other Health Professions
Type
Schools of Allied Health Profes
DUNS #
057123192
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19122
Bitetti, Dana; Hammer, Carol Scheffner (2016) The Home Literacy Environment and the English Narrative Development of Spanish-English Bilingual Children. J Speech Lang Hear Res 59:1159-1171
Lewis, Kandia; Sandilos, Lia E; Hammer, Carol Scheffner et al. (2016) Relations Among the Home Language and Literacy Environment and Children's Language Abilities: A Study of Head Start Dual Language Learners and Their Mothers. Early Educ Dev 27:478-494
Sawyer, Brook E; Hammer, Carol Scheffner; Cycyk, Lauren M et al. (2016) Preschool Teachers' Language and Literacy Practices with Dual Language Learners. Biling Res J 39:35-49
Sandilos, Lia E; Cycyk, Lauren M; Hammer, Carol Scheffner et al. (2015) Depression, Control, and Climate: An Examination of Factors Impacting Teaching Quality in Preschool Classrooms. Early Educ Dev 26:1111-1127
Cycyk, Lauren M; Bitetti, Dana; Hammer, Carol Scheffner (2015) Maternal Depressive Symptomatology, Social Support, and Language Development of Bilingual Preschoolers From Low-Income Households. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 24:411-25
Hammer, Carol Scheffner; Hoff, Erika; Uchikoshi, Yuuko et al. (2014) The Language and Literacy Development of Young Dual Language Learners: A Critical Review. Early Child Res Q 29:715-733