lgG4-related disease (lgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disease, characterized by elevated lgG4 and IgE levels, a lymphoplasmatic infitrate, storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and eosinophila. B cell depletion by Rituximab therapy attenuates disease symptoms and selectively reduces lgG4 levels. This observation strongly supports a role for lgG4 in the disease. However, this IgG subclass exhibits weak binding to canonical, low-affinity Fc gamma receptors, and is considered to have limited inflammatory potential. A single, N-linked glycosylation site is present on heavy chains on all IgG Fc. This glycan maintains an open heavy chain confirmation, and is an absolute requirement for pro-inflammatory interactions triggered through Fc gamma receptors. The glycan has a complex, biantenarry core structure;variable sugar additions to the core account for over 30 distinct glycans identified on IgG Fcs in healthy individuals. Importantly, the glycan composition dictates IgG effortor function, by controlling the specific receptor bound by IgG. For example, afucosylated IgGI preferentially binds activating Fc gamma RIIIA, and exhibits markedly enhanced ADCC in vivo. Conversely, terminal sialylation of the glycan converts IgG antibodies into potent anti-inflammatory mediators, by reducing affinity to canonical Fc gamma receptors, while conveying binding to dendritic cell-specific ICAM3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN). Importantly, the variable glycosylation of IgG is regulated by inflammation, and reduced levels are sialic acid are found on IgG from patients suffering from chronic autoimmune diseases. The studies proposed in the pilot project application will examine the glycans on the Fc of IgG recovered from patients suffering from lgG4-RD and healthy controls. The overarching hypothesis that will be explored is that the lgG4 recovered lgG4-RD will have a characteristic glycosylation pattern that bestows a novel and unappreciated effector function on to lgG4 antibodies. These studies will precisely define the role of the Fc glycan on IgG4, allowing for the development of improved and targeted therapies for lgG4-RD.

Public Health Relevance

IgG antibodies are important proteins, that rapidly clear infections, cancer, and can also trigger harmful inflammation. Four subclasses of IgG antibodies exist in humans, termed lgG1-4. However, little is know about the subclass lgG4. The studies proposed herein will decipher lgG4 biology in health and in the inflammatory lgG4-related disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program--Cooperative Agreements (U19)
Project #
1U19AI110495-01
Application #
8732924
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAI1-PA-I (J1))
Project Start
2014-05-01
Project End
2019-04-30
Budget Start
2014-05-01
Budget End
2015-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$168,011
Indirect Cost
$68,398
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199
Alsufyani, Faisal; Mattoo, Hamid; Zhou, Dawang et al. (2018) The Mst1 Kinase Is Required for Follicular B Cell Homing and B-1 B Cell Development. Front Immunol 9:2393
Wallace, Zachary S; Khosroshahi, Arezou; Carruthers, Mollie D et al. (2018) An International Multispecialty Validation Study of the IgG4-Related Disease Responder Index. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 70:1671-1678
Perugino, Cory A; AlSalem, Sultan B; Mattoo, Hamid et al. (2018) Identification of galectin-3 as an autoantigen in patients with IgG4-related disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol :
Maehara, Takashi; Mattoo, Hamid; Mahajan, Vinay S et al. (2018) The expansion in lymphoid organs of IL-4+ BATF+ T follicular helper cells is linked to IgG4 class switching in vivo. Life Sci Alliance 1:
Della-Torre, Emanuel; Bozzalla-Cassione, Emanuele; Sciorati, Clara et al. (2018) A CD8?- Subset of CD4+SLAMF7+ Cytotoxic T Cells Is Expanded in Patients With IgG4-Related Disease and Decreases Following Glucocorticoid Treatment. Arthritis Rheumatol 70:1133-1143
Jubair, Widian K; Hendrickson, Jason D; Severs, Erin L et al. (2018) Modulation of Inflammatory Arthritis in Mice by Gut Microbiota Through Mucosal Inflammation and Autoantibody Generation. Arthritis Rheumatol 70:1220-1233
Maehara, Takashi; Mattoo, Hamid; Ohta, Miho et al. (2017) Lesional CD4+ IFN-?+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialoadenitis. Ann Rheum Dis 76:377-385
Bozzalla Cassione, Emanuele; Stone, John H (2017) IgG4-related disease. Curr Opin Rheumatol 29:223-227
Fraschilla, Isabella; Pillai, Shiv (2017) Viewing Siglecs through the lens of tumor immunology. Immunol Rev 276:178-191
Mattoo, Hamid; Stone, John H; Pillai, Shiv (2017) Clonally expanded cytotoxic CD4+T cells and the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease. Autoimmunity 50:19-24

Showing the most recent 10 out of 21 publications