Research'Project 1 focuses on significant endemic viral pathogens from humans and viruses from animal hosts that have strong zoonotic potential. High-throughput whole-genome next-generation sequencing (NGS), combined with bioinformatics algorithms, will be used to sequence and analyze the genomes from more than 10,000 strains representing seven viral species. This will characterize the genetic diversity over a range of virus families, including many NIAID priority pathogens, to understand critical evolutionary mechanisms central to viral evolution, pathogenesis, transmission, and/or antiviral resistance. Specifically we aim to: 1) compare and contrast the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of viruses circulating within and/or between humans and animal reservoirs, 2) elucidate viral-host-microbiome determinants that influence viral pathogenesis, and 3) perform deep sequencing to understand intra-host viral diversity, transmission dynamics, and antiviral resistance. Collectively, this project will use multiple genomics approaches (e.g., genomic sequencing, metagenomics, and transcriptomics) to provide the scientific community with genomic data sets of broad use from important viral families. These data will be analyzed using phylogenetics and other bioinformatics algorithms to show the spatial and temporal evolution of these pathogens. Finally, the data generated will identify, track, and predict antigenic drift/shift, recombination, escape from natural or vaccine-induced host immune responses, antiviral resistance, inter- and intra-species transmission, and the response of a host's commensal microbiota to viral infection. The information generated from these studies will help us to produce superior vaccines and antivirals, and the data sets will prove critical for rapid responses to the emergence of novel pathogens (i.e., pandemic preparedness) that arise naturally or as a result of bioterrorism.

Public Health Relevance

Viruses are global pathogens that cause significant disease in humans. Frequent transmission of animal viruses to human hosts and human-to-human transmission result in outbreaks, epidemics, or pandemics. Therefore, Project 1 will target significant and emerging viral pathogens from human and animal hosts for genome sequencing in an effort to sequence virus species that could significantly impact public health.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Program--Cooperative Agreements (U19)
Project #
1U19AI110819-01
Application #
8711770
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAI1-EC-M (J1))
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2014-04-04
Budget End
2015-03-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
$2,579,473
Indirect Cost
$1,207,413
Name
J. Craig Venter Institute, Inc.
Department
Type
DUNS #
076364392
City
Rockville
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
20850
Oldfield, Lauren M; Fedorova, Nadia; Puri, Vinita et al. (2018) Sequences of Zika Virus Genomes from a Pediatric Cohort in Nicaragua. Genome Announc 6:
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Ismail, Ashrafali M; Cui, Tiange; Dommaraju, Kalpana et al. (2018) Genomic analysis of a large set of currently-and historically-important human adenovirus pathogens. Emerg Microbes Infect 7:10
Tan, Yi; Pickett, Brett E; Shrivastava, Susmita et al. (2018) Differing epidemiological dynamics of Chikungunya virus in the Americas during the 2014-2015 epidemic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12:e0006670
Moser, Lindsey A; Oldfield, Lauren M; Fedorova, Nadia et al. (2018) Whole-Genome Sequences of Zika Virus FLR Strains after Passage in Vero or C6/36 Cells. Genome Announc 6:
Moser, Lindsey A; Boylan, Brendan T; Moreira, Fernando R et al. (2018) Growth and adaptation of Zika virus in mammalian and mosquito cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12:e0006880

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