The Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of 94,000 survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings is being studied in collaboration with the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF). Cohort studies are used to quantify environmental radiation dose response and its dependence on histological subtype of tumor, age at exposure, sex, age at observation, time following exposure and other factors.More than half a century after the atomic bombings, a statistically significant excess risk of cancer is still apparent. The latest LSS solid cancer incidence report includes 17,448 first primary cancers among the LSS survivors, of which 853 are estimated to be excess cases attributable to radiation exposure. The shape of the dose response for solid cancers as a group and for many individual cancer sites continues to be well described by a linear model. The most important finding is that the excess absolute rates for solid cancer increase throughout life for all ages. The excess relative risks associated with radiation exposure are high for cancers of the bladder cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer, whereas excess absolute rates are high for stomach cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer and lung cancer. Solid cancer risks are especially high among these exposed in utero and early childhood. However, the uncertainty remains regarding the temporal patterns of the radiation-related cancer risk, especially among the survivor younger than 20 years of age at the time of the atomic bombings, and continued follow-up of this cohort is needed to clarify this uncertainty. A paper has been published on the long-term and temperal pattern of leukemia risk, demonstrating persistent increase of the risk 50 years after exposure.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Investigator-Initiated Intramural Research Projects (ZIA)
Project #
1ZIACP010134-19
Application #
8938235
Study Section
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
Budget End
Support Year
19
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
State
Country
Zip Code
Cahoon, Elizabeth K; Preston, Dale L; Pierce, Donald A et al. (2017) Lung, Laryngeal and Other Respiratory Cancer Incidence among Japanese Atomic Bomb Survivors: An Updated Analysis from 1958 through 2009. Radiat Res 187:538-548
Grant, Eric J; Brenner, Alina; Sugiyama, Hiromi et al. (2017) Solid Cancer Incidence among the Life Span Study of Atomic Bomb Survivors: 1958-2009. Radiat Res 187:513-537
Furukawa, Kyoji; Preston, Dale; Funamoto, Sachiyo et al. (2013) Long-term trend of thyroid cancer risk among Japanese atomic-bomb survivors: 60 years after exposure. Int J Cancer 132:1222-6
Hsu, Wan-Ling; Preston, Dale L; Soda, Midori et al. (2013) The incidence of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma among atomic bomb survivors: 1950-2001. Radiat Res 179:361-82
Egawa, Hiromi; Furukawa, Kyoji; Preston, Dale et al. (2012) Radiation and smoking effects on lung cancer incidence by histological types among atomic bomb survivors. Radiat Res 178:191-201
Douple, Evan B; Mabuchi, Kiyohiko; Cullings, Harry M et al. (2011) Long-term radiation-related health effects in a unique human population: lessons learned from the atomic bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 5 Suppl 1:S122-33
Furukawa, Kyoji; Preston, Dale L; Lönn, Stefan et al. (2010) Radiation and smoking effects on lung cancer incidence among atomic bomb survivors. Radiat Res 174:72-82
Li, Christopher I; Nishi, Nobuo; McDougall, Jean A et al. (2010) Relationship between radiation exposure and risk of second primary cancers among atomic bomb survivors. Cancer Res 70:7187-98
Hayashi, Yuzo; Lagarde, Frederic; Tsuda, Nobuo et al. (2010) Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid among atomic bomb survivors: tumor characteristics and radiation risk. Cancer 116:1646-55
Darby, Sarah C; Cutter, David J; Boerma, Marjan et al. (2010) Radiation-related heart disease: current knowledge and future prospects. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 76:656-65