The goals of this project center on characterization of the development of spatial vision in macaque monkeys. These monkeys form an animal model that can be used for testing hypotheses about the neural basis for the development of vision and its disruption by amblyopia, which is generally defined as a loss of vision due to abnormal visual conditions during development. We have been studying visual development in normal infant monkeys and in monkeys that have experimentally induced amblyopia in order to evaluate theories about the neural limitations on development and the disruption caused by amblyopia. We previously analyzed the performance of strabismic and anisometropic monkeys on various spatial tasks to establish the extent to which their deficits were related to the pattern of contrast sensitivity losses. We have found that in most cases, the pattern of contrast sensitivity loss can account for the loss of spatial precision in amblyopes, and that the pattern of deficits suggests a cortical substrate. We have recorded electrophysiological properties of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) of amblyopic monkeys, to try to identify the neural basis for the amblyopic deficits. We have found a different pattern of results from strabismic and anisometropic monkeys. The strabismic monkeys have fairly balanced representation of the two eyes in V1 whereas the anisometropic monkeys have a distinct bias against the amblyopic eye. For both groups, the spatial and contrast response properties of the neurons driven by the amblyopic eyes were poor compared with those driven by the non-amblyopic eye.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR000166-37
Application #
6277545
Study Section
Project Start
1998-05-01
Project End
1999-04-30
Budget Start
1997-10-01
Budget End
1998-09-30
Support Year
37
Fiscal Year
1998
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Washington
Department
Type
DUNS #
135646524
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195
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Wool, Lauren E; Crook, Joanna D; Troy, John B et al. (2018) Nonselective Wiring Accounts for Red-Green Opponency in Midget Ganglion Cells of the Primate Retina. J Neurosci 38:1520-1540
Hasegawa, Yu; Curtis, Britni; Yutuc, Vernon et al. (2018) Microbial structure and function in infant and juvenile rhesus macaques are primarily affected by age, not vaccination status. Sci Rep 8:15867
Oleskiw, Timothy D; Nowack, Amy; Pasupathy, Anitha (2018) Joint coding of shape and blur in area V4. Nat Commun 9:466
Eberle, R; Jones-Engel, L (2017) Understanding Primate Herpesviruses. J Emerg Dis Virol 3:
McAdams, Ryan M; McPherson, Ronald J; Kapur, Raj P et al. (2017) Focal Brain Injury Associated with a Model of Severe Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Nonhuman Primates. Dev Neurosci 39:107-123

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