Despite significant advances in prevention and acute treatment of cerebrovascular disease in the last few decades, stroke remains the leading cause of adult disability in the United States. Health care costs related to stroke total over $65 billion per year in the US alone. Disproportionate morbidity and mortality from stroke falls on underserved populations. The incidence of stroke, as well as mortality from stroke, is significantly higher in blacks compared to whites. In the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study (NOMASS), Sacco and colleagues found a 2.4 fold increase in stroke incidence in blacks and a twofold increase in Hispanics compared to whites. Bian and colleagues found that, compared to white patients, black patients were 6% more likely to die after an ischemic stroke. Subgroup analyses further suggested that black patients aged 65 to 74 had much lower 3-year survival probabilities (15 to 20%) than their white counterparts. An analysis of racial/ethnic differences in stroke mortality in Texas for the 5-year period between 1988-1992 demonstrated that blacks had a 3-4 fold increased stroke mortality relative to non-Hispanic whites at young ages. Moreover, studies have shown that blacks have a 2 fold increased risk for intracerebral hemorrhages compared to whites, and mortality from this condition in blacks seems to be highest at younger ages (45-59 years of age). In addition to these numerous studies demonstrating increased incidence and mortality from stroke, studies have also suggested that blacks experience more severe strokes than whites. Outcomes in these population-based studies have focused on mortality or stroke recurrence, data readily available from existing databases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
Type
Comprehensive Center (P60)
Project #
5P60MD006920-03
Application #
8610176
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZMD1)
Project Start
Project End
Budget Start
2014-02-01
Budget End
2015-01-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Georgetown University
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Washington
State
DC
Country
United States
Zip Code
20057
Dash, Chiranjeev; Taylor, Teletia R; Makambi, Kepher H et al. (2018) Effect of exercise on metabolic syndrome in black women by family history and predicted risk of breast cancer: The FIERCE Study. Cancer 124:3355-3363
Taylor, Teletia R; Dash, Chiranjeev; Sheppard, Vanessa et al. (2018) The effect of a randomized controlled physical activity trial on health related quality of life in metabolically unhealthy African-American women: FIERCE STUDY. Contemp Clin Trials 67:121-128
Adams-Campbell, L L; Dash, C; Kim, B H et al. (2016) Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal African-American Women. Int J Sports Med 37:261-6
Wallington, Sherrie F; Dash, Chiranjeev; Sheppard, Vanessa B et al. (2016) Enrolling Minority and Underserved Populations in Cancer Clinical Research. Am J Prev Med 50:111-117
Sheppard, Vanessa B; Hicks, Jennifer; Makambi, Kepher et al. (2016) The feasibility and acceptability of a diet and exercise trial in overweight and obese black breast cancer survivors: The Stepping STONE study. Contemp Clin Trials 46:106-113
Dash, Chiranjeev; Makambi, Kepher; Wallington, Sherrie F et al. (2015) An exercise trial targeting African-American women with metabolic syndrome and at high risk for breast cancer: Rationale, design, and methods. Contemp Clin Trials 43:33-8
Heiss, Wolf-Dieter; Kidwell, Chelsea S (2014) Imaging for prediction of functional outcome and assessment of recovery in ischemic stroke. Stroke 45:1195-201
Heiss, Wolf-Dieter; Kidwell, Chelsea S (2014) Advances in stroke: Imaging 2013. Stroke 45:363-4
Sween, Jennifer; Wallington, Sherrie Flynt; Sheppard, Vanessa et al. (2014) The role of exergaming in improving physical activity: a review. J Phys Act Health 11:864-70
Llanos, Adana A; Brasky, Theodore M; Dumitrescu, Ramona G et al. (2013) Plasma IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 may be imprecise surrogates for breast concentrations: an analysis of healthy women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 138:571-9

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