The overall objective is to identify and understand the factors which control the balance of energy derived from endogenous carbohydrate and lipids during sustained, submaximal exercise. The theoretical basis is the crossover concept that during rest and mild to moderate exercise in the fasted state, lipids provide the greatest proportion of energy. As the intensity increases from moderate to hard to maximal, even in the trained state the balance of substrate utilization switches from lipid to carbohydrate. The project will delineate mechanisms by which dietary history, exercise intensity, and training state affect the balance of substrate utilization. Also, because blood glucose and free fatty acid pools are limited in capacity compared with the fluxes sustained during exercise, regulation of these pools during exercise will be described.
The aims of the project are (1) to describe the interactive effects of nutritional status, training status, and exercise intensity on gluconeogenesis during exercise; 2) evaluate the hypothesis that muscle mitochondrial uptake of fatty acids limits lipid oxidation during exercise, and 3) evaluate the effects of the menstrual cycle on the capacity to utilize lipid energy sources. To address these aims, men and women will be studied at rest and during exercise of given absolute and relative intensities, both before and after training. In women, the effects of menstrual cycle phase on the balance of substrate utilization will be determined. In men, endurance training, lactate, dichloroacetate, and heparin plus Intralipid infusion will be used to dissect where resistances exist in substrate supply during exercise. Indirect calorimetry, primed-continuous dual stable isotope infusion, isotope and isotopomer analyses, and glucoregulatory hormonal analyses will be used to address the specific aims.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01AR042906-04
Application #
2006387
Study Section
Respiratory and Applied Physiology Study Section (RAP)
Project Start
1994-07-15
Project End
2002-06-30
Budget Start
1997-07-01
Budget End
1998-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
1997
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Berkeley
Department
Miscellaneous
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
094878337
City
Berkeley
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94704
Faghihnia, Nastaran; Siri-Tarino, Patty W; Krauss, Ronald M et al. (2011) Energy substrate partitioning and efficiency in individuals with atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19:1360-5
Henderson, Gregory C; Krauss, Ronald M; Fattor, Jill A et al. (2010) Plasma triglyceride concentrations are rapidly reduced following individual bouts of endurance exercise in women. Eur J Appl Physiol 109:721-30
Johnson, M L; Zarins, Z; Fattor, J A et al. (2010) Twelve weeks of endurance training increases FFA mobilization and reesterification in postmenopausal women. J Appl Physiol 109:1573-81
Zarins, Zinta A; Wallis, Gareth A; Faghihnia, Nastaran et al. (2009) Effects of endurance training on cardiorespiratory fitness and substrate partitioning in postmenopausal women. Metabolism 58:1338-46
Zarins, Zinta A; Johnson, Matthew L; Faghihnia, Nastaran et al. (2009) Training improves the response in glucose flux to exercise in postmenopausal women. J Appl Physiol 107:90-7
Henderson, Gregory C; Fattor, Jill A; Horning, Michael A et al. (2008) Glucoregulation is more precise in women than in men during postexercise recovery. Am J Clin Nutr 87:1686-94
Friedlander, Anne L; Jacobs, Kevin A; Fattor, Jill A et al. (2007) Contributions of working muscle to whole body lipid metabolism are altered by exercise intensity and training. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292:E107-16
Henderson, Gregory C; Fattor, Jill A; Horning, Michael A et al. (2007) Lipolysis and fatty acid metabolism in men and women during the postexercise recovery period. J Physiol 584:963-81
Wallis, Gareth A; Friedlander, Anne L; Jacobs, Kevin A et al. (2007) Substantial working muscle glycerol turnover during two-legged cycle ergometry. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293:E950-7
Henderson, Gregory C; Fattor, Jill A; Horning, Michael A et al. (2007) Retention of intravenously infused [13C]bicarbonate is transiently increased during recovery from hard exercise. J Appl Physiol 103:1604-12

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