Several large-scale population studies have identified the association between polymorphisms of the LDL receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) gene with a wide spectrum of metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, obesity/diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The latter observations imply that LRP1 dysfunction in the liver may accelerate the progression of NAFLD to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis with increased HCC risk. Studies from the past funding period of this project have shown that hepatocyte-specific Lrp1 gene inactivation or mutations that alter LRP1 endocytosis and cell surface recycling in mice potentiates fat-induced steatosis and cell death. Since total LRP1 gene deletion and mutations that affect LRP1 cell surface recycling have not been reported previously in humans, we initiated studies to examine if and how LRP1 expression at the cell surface of hepatocytes may be regulated physiologically. Our preliminary results showed that fatty acid and high fat diet suppress LRP1 translocation to the cell surface of hepatocytes, whereas insulin has the opposite effect and stimulates LRP1 cell surface translocation. The objective of this renewal application is to decipher the mechanisms underlying the regulation of LRP1 recycling and translocation to the cell surface. We will test the hypothesis that reduction of cell surface expression of LRP1 in hepatocytes directly contributes to fat-induced liver inflammation and hepatic cirrhosis, and is directly responsible for the accelerated HCC progression associated with high fat/cholesterol diet and fatty liver disease. Moreover, we propose that increasing LRP1 recycling to the cell surface is a viable strategy to alleviate these metabolic abnormalities.
Specific Aim 1 will identify the mechanism underlying lipid suppression of LRP1 translocation to plasma membrane, testing the hypothesis that lipid accumulation alters phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of LRP1, thereby suppressing its interaction with adaptor proteins required for its translocation to the cell surface. We will also evaluate two strategies to increase LRP1 recycling and test their effectiveness to improve hepatocyte functions and prevent lipid-induced liver dysfunction and cirrhosis.
Specific Aim 2 will delineate the mechanism underlying insulin activation of LRP1 translocation to the cell surface, testing the hypothesis that insulin induces lipid kinase activity to generate phosphatidylinositol (poly)phosphates to increase the recruitment of LRP1-adaptor complex to the recycling endosomes for translocation to the cell surface. Follow up experiments will explore the potential of permeable inositide polyphosphates as a strategy to overcome insulin resistance to improve metabolic health of the liver.
Specific Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that LRP1 dysfunction in hepatocytes promotes lipid-induced liver cirrhosis, thereby providing an ideal local environment to accelerate liver tumor progression. The completion of these studies will identify mechanisms regulating LRP1 translocation to the cell surface, and offers novel strategies to suppress NAFLD progression to NASH, liver cirrhosis, and HCC.

Public Health Relevance

- PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE STATEMENT Genetic association studies have identified polymorphisms of the LDL receptor related protein-1 (LRP1) as a risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases including NASH and liver cancer. This proposal will delineate the mechanism(s) underlying LRP1 regulation under physiological conditions and to identify mechanisms responsible for the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases to end stage liver cirrhosis with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. The clinical implication of this mechanism-based study is that results will establish new paradigms of liver disease progression and offers novel approaches for treatment of metabolic and liver diseases.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DK074932-12S1
Application #
9706509
Study Section
Program Officer
Teff, Karen L
Project Start
2018-07-01
Project End
2019-06-30
Budget Start
2018-09-01
Budget End
2019-06-30
Support Year
12
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Cincinnati
Department
Pathology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041064767
City
Cincinnati
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
45221
Hamlin, Allyson N; Chinnarasu, Sivaprakasam; Ding, Yinyuan et al. (2018) Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 dysfunction synergizes with dietary cholesterol to accelerate steatohepatitis progression. J Biol Chem 293:9674-9684
Oldoni, Federico; van Capelleveen, Julian C; Dalila, Nawar et al. (2018) Naturally Occurring Variants in LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1) Affect HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Metabolism Through ABCA1 (ATP-Binding Cassette A1) and SR-B1 (Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1) in Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 38:1440-1453
Konaniah, Eddy S; Kuhel, David G; Basford, Joshua E et al. (2017) Deficiency of LRP1 in Mature Adipocytes Promotes Diet-Induced Inflammation and Atherosclerosis-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 37:1046-1049
Hamlin, Allyson N; Basford, Joshua E; Jaeschke, Anja et al. (2016) LRP1 Protein Deficiency Exacerbates Palmitate-induced Steatosis and Toxicity in Hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 291:16610-9
Hui, David Y (2016) Intestinal phospholipid and lysophospholipid metabolism in cardiometabolic disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 27:507-12
Yiew, Kan Hui; Chatterjee, Tapan K; Hui, David Y et al. (2015) Histone Deacetylases and Cardiometabolic Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 35:1914-9
Manoharan, Palanikumar; Basford, Joshua E; Pilcher-Roberts, Robyn et al. (2014) Reduced levels of microRNAs miR-124a and miR-150 are associated with increased proinflammatory mediator expression in Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2)-deficient macrophages. J Biol Chem 289:31638-46
Manka, David; Chatterjee, Tapan K; Stoll, Lynn L et al. (2014) Transplanted perivascular adipose tissue accelerates injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia: role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34:1723-30
Waltmann, Meaghan D; Basford, Joshua E; Konaniah, Eddy S et al. (2014) Apolipoprotein E receptor-2 deficiency enhances macrophage susceptibility to lipid accumulation and cell death to augment atherosclerotic plaque progression and necrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1842:1395-405
Gadang, Vidya; Konaniah, Eddy; Hui, David Y et al. (2014) Mixed-lineage kinase 3 deficiency promotes neointima formation through increased activation of the RhoA pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34:1429-36

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