Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) modulates the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, invasion and signaling by binding effectors that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and receptor trafficking. Yet, the mechanism of how PIP2 is generated to regulate these processes is poorly understood. Phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases (PIPKs) that synthesize PIP2 specifically associate with PIP2 effectors. PIP2 then modulates the proteins and enzymes associated with the PIPK. PIPKI? regulates growth factor stimulated directional cell migration, vesicular trafficking of adhesion receptors and invasion. Here, we show that PIPKI? and PIP2 are required for establishment of cell polarity required for directional cell migration and invasion. In addition, we have discovered a novel signaling nexus that may explain how PIP2 mechanistically regulates many key effectors in adhesion, migration and invasion. Hypothesis: PIPKI? controls key aspects of tumor cell migration and invasion by controlling the assembly of cytoskeletal components and the trafficking of adhesion receptors. Interactions between PIPKI?, the exocyst and IQGAP1 function to integrate and specify the PIP2 generation and signaling required for growth factor stimulated directional cell migration, adhesion and invasion. In vivo the PIPKIg signaling nexus plays a key role in tumor cell intravasation and extravasation, processes required for tumor cell metastasis.
Aim 1. The role of PIPKI?i2, the exocyst, and ?1-integrin trafficking in directional cell migration will be investigated. Regulation of integrin trafficking by PIPKI? and the exocyst will be defined with an emphasis on regulation by PIP2, the protein-protein interactions and cell polarity pathways, roles of small G-proteins, and specificity toward integrins. We will determine if a PIPKI?i2 interaction with talin acts as a tether for targeting the PIPKI?i2/?1-integrin/exocyst complex during directional cell migration.
Aim 2. Define the mechanism for PIPKI? and IQGAP1 regulation of directional migration. We will study the IQGAP1/PIPKI? interaction and define how signals modulate this nexus. We will reveal the mechanism for PIPKI? control of IQGAP1 association with membrane. We will determine if and how PIPKI? modulates the association or activity of known IQGAP1 interactors, such as small G-proteins and the exocyst.
Aim 3. Define the role of the PIPKI?, IQGAP1 and exocyst in cell invasion. The role of PIPKI?, the exocyst and IQGAP1 in formation of invadopodia will be revealed. An emphasis will be on targeting of key proteins required for invasion, such as IQGAP1, the exocyst, ?1-integrin and MMPs to the invadopodia in a 3D matrix environment.
Aim 4. Determine if PIPKI?, the exocyst and IQGAP1 are required for extravasation and metastasis. Highly metastatic human breast cell lines will be engineered to over or under express PIPKI?, IQGAP1 or Exo70. We will use a well-established mouse xenograft model to transplant engineered cells into the vasculature. The development and number of metastases will be used to quantify extravasation.
Cancer deaths occur because tumor cells migrate from the initial tumor site to other organs ultimately resulting in organ failure. This process predominatel occurs via the vasculature. In order for tumor cells to leave the primary tumor and enter the vasculature they must first alter their cellular phenotype. The goal of the proposed research is to identify the relevant enzymes and proteins that contribute to the phenotypic changes resulting in enhanced migration and invasion, so that clinical therapies can be developed to target these critical molecules.
| Choi, Suyong; Houdek, Xander; Anderson, Richard A (2018) Phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways and autophagy require phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinases. Adv Biol Regul 68:31-38 |
| Thapa, Narendra; Anderson, Richard A (2017) PLD and PA Take MT1-MMP for a Metastatic Ride. Dev Cell 43:117-119 |
| Thapa, N; Tan, X; Choi, S et al. (2017) PIPKI? and talin couple phosphoinositide and adhesion signaling to control the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Oncogene 36:899-911 |
| Tan, Xiaojun; Anderson, Richard A (2017) Keeping in touch with the ER network. Science 356:584-585 |
| Thapa, Narendra; Tan, Xiaojun; Choi, Suyong et al. (2016) The Hidden Conundrum of Phosphoinositide Signaling in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2:378-390 |
| Choi, Suyong; Anderson, Richard A (2016) IQGAP1 is a phosphoinositide effector and kinase scaffold. Adv Biol Regul 60:29-35 |
| Choi, Suyong; Hedman, Andrew C; Sayedyahossein, Samar et al. (2016) Agonist-stimulated phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate generation by scaffolded phosphoinositide kinases. Nat Cell Biol 18:1324-1335 |
| Tan, Xiaojun; Thapa, Narendra; Liao, Yihan et al. (2016) PtdIns(4,5)P2 signaling regulates ATG14 and autophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113:10896-901 |
| Tan, Xiaojun; Lambert, Paul F; Rapraeger, Alan C et al. (2016) Stress-Induced EGFR Trafficking: Mechanisms, Functions, and Therapeutic Implications. Trends Cell Biol 26:352-366 |
| Thapa, Narendra; Choi, Suyong; Tan, Xiaojun et al. (2015) Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate 5-Kinase I? and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Couple to Promote Oncogenic Growth. J Biol Chem 290:18843-54 |
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