Dietary pattern analysis has recently emerged as an important new direction in nutritional epidemiology. Although our work in current grant cycle has demonstrated the importance of major dietary patterns in predicting long-term risk of CVD, many theoretical and methodological issues remain unsettled. Also, as type 2 diabetes reaches epidemic proportions in the US and worldwide, it becomes urgent to evaluate various dietary patterns (including current dietary recommendations) and overall diet quality in relation to the development of diabetes. In this competing renewal, we will apply novel statistical methods (such as confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling) to validate various dietary patterns and examine their associations with risk of type 2 diabetes, CVD, and total mortality in two large ongoing cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study (n=121,700) and Health Professionals' Follow-up Study (n=51,529). In addition to evaluating prevailing dietary recommendations, we will also examine the role of the Mediterranean-type dietary pattern, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern, and the Atkins-type diet in predicting health outcomes. Using repeated measurements of diet, we will examine the impact of changes in eating patterns and diet quality over time on subsequent risk of diabetes, CVD, and total mortality. In addition, we will examine relationships between major dietary patterns and novel plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial function and whether such relationships are mediated through obesity. Finally, we will test interactions between dietary patterns and individual SNPs and haplotypes of several promising candidate genes in the inflammation and endothelial dysfunction pathway on risk of CHD, including PPARalpha, PPARgamma, Adiponectin (AdipoQ), PON1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-Selectin, NOS3, ACE gene, and angiotensinogen (ANG) genes. Overall, the large size of these cohorts, the prospective design, the repeated and detailed measurements of diet and covariates, the high follow-up rates, and the availability of biochemical and DMA samples (most of analyses have already been funded) provide a unique opportunity to study the relationship between overall dietary patterns and the CVD, diabetes, and obesity in an extremely cost-efficient manner. We believe that this project presents a novel approach to study diet-disease relationship and will have important public health implications.
| Satija, Ambika; Hu, Frank B (2018) Plant-based diets and cardiovascular health. Trends Cardiovasc Med 28:437-441 |
| Li, Yanping; Pan, An; Wang, Dong D et al. (2018) Impact of Healthy Lifestyle Factors on Life Expectancies in the US Population. Circulation 138:345-355 |
| Yu, Edward; Hu, Frank B (2018) Dairy Products, Dairy Fatty Acids, and the Prevention of Cardiometabolic Disease: a Review of Recent Evidence. Curr Atheroscler Rep 20:24 |
| Pan, An; Lin, Xu; Hemler, Elena et al. (2018) Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Advances and Challenges in Population-Based Studies. Cell Metab 27:489-496 |
| Yu, Edward; Malik, Vasanti S; Hu, Frank B (2018) Cardiovascular Disease Prevention by Diet Modification: JACC Health Promotion Series. J Am Coll Cardiol 72:914-926 |
| Li, Yanping; Willett, Walter C; Hu, Frank B (2017) Reply to DR Thomas. Am J Clin Nutr 106:324 |
| Satija, Ambika; Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N; Spiegelman, Donna et al. (2017) Healthful and Unhealthful Plant-Based Diets and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 70:411-422 |
| Buckley, Matthew T; Racimo, Fernando; Allentoft, Morten E et al. (2017) Selection in Europeans on Fatty Acid Desaturases Associated with Dietary Changes. Mol Biol Evol 34:1307-1318 |
| Willett, Walter C; Rimm, Eric B; Hu, Frank B (2017) Reply to E Archer. Am J Clin Nutr 106:950-951 |
| Alessa, Hala B; Chomistek, Andrea K; Hankinson, Susan E et al. (2017) Objective Measures of Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic and Endocrine Biomarkers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 49:1817-1825 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 125 publications
