This Application seeks funding for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of aspirin in primary prevention in healthy elderly people aged 70 years and over. Its purpose is to determine whether low dose aspirin will extend the duration of disability-free life in an aging population. The study will examine whether the potential benefits of this drug (particularly the prevention of heart disease, stroke and vascular dementia) outweigh the risks of severe bleeding in this age group. 19,000 participants will be recruited from community settings in the United States and Australia and randomized to daily 100 mg of enteric-coated aspirin or placebo. Follow-up is for an average of 5 years. The trial methods are based around the successful conduct of large-scale clinical outcome studies in both countries, e.g., ALLHAT, 2nd Australian National Blood Pressure study. The ASPREE study accords with the first of the four major goals of the National Institute of Aging - to improve the health and quality of life of older people. The Action Plan for Aging Research of the NIA points out that since the beginning of the 20th century, life expectancy at birth in the U.S. has increased from less than 50 years to more than 76 years. From 1960 to 2000 there was an approximate doubling of people aged 65 and over. It is further predicted that by the year 2030, the number of individuals aged 65 and over will double again to reach 70.3 million (constituting 20% of the population). Dramatic growth in the elderly population is also predicted in the number of Americans aged 85 and over to reach 19.4 million (4.8% of the population in 2050). As life expectancy increases, there is now a greater need to keep these additional years free of disease and disability. At present, the use of aspirin for primary prevention is based largely on studies in middle aged adults where the incidence of adverse affects is low. However, the risk benefit ratio of this agent in older persons is an area of continuing controversy. This is reflected by incorporating aspirin therapy into some widely respected clinical guidelines, despite the failure of the FDA cardio-renal Drugs Panel to endorse its use in this setting. The result of the ASPREE aspirin study will have the potential to alter clinical practice for the majority of the older U.S. population where approximately 60% of those over 65 are free of heart disease, stroke and mental or physical disability. Its relevance is enhanced by the data suggesting that aspirin may delay the onset of cognitive decline and some forms of cancer. However, recent experience with other major drug therapies newly introduced, e.g., HRT, COX-2 inhibitors and anti-oxidant vitamins, has emphasized the need to formally establish safety and efficacy before such therapies enter routine practice.

Public Health Relevance

The percentage of older individuals is rapidly increasing as a proportion of the U.S. and other developed countries. Low dose aspirin has the potential to increase the duration of their healthy active life by reducing the incidence of heart disease, stroke, dementia and cancer. This will be the first study in otherwise healthy individuals to determine whether the benefits of aspirin outweigh its side effects (particularly the risk of bleeding) among the older population.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project--Cooperative Agreements (U01)
Project #
5U01AG029824-07
Application #
9233885
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAG1-ZIJ-7 (M3))
Program Officer
Romashkan, Sergei
Project Start
2009-09-15
Project End
2018-01-31
Budget Start
2017-02-01
Budget End
2018-01-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
$4,447,693
Indirect Cost
$82,979
Name
Minneapolis Medical Research Fdn, Inc.
Department
Type
Research Institutes
DUNS #
068195064
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55415
McNeil, John J; Wolfe, Rory; Woods, Robyn L et al. (2018) Effect of Aspirin on Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding in the Healthy Elderly. N Engl J Med 379:1509-1518
McNeil, John J; Woods, Robyn L; Nelson, Mark R et al. (2018) Effect of Aspirin on Disability-free Survival in the Healthy Elderly. N Engl J Med 379:1499-1508
McNeil, John J; Nelson, Mark R; Woods, Robyn L et al. (2018) Effect of Aspirin on All-Cause Mortality in the Healthy Elderly. N Engl J Med 379:1519-1528
Mohebbi, Mohammadreza; Nguyen, Van; McNeil, John J et al. (2018) Psychometric properties of a short form of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) scale for screening depressive symptoms in healthy community dwelling older adults. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 51:118-125
Wolfe, Rory; Murray, Anne M; Woods, Robyn L et al. (2018) The aspirin in reducing events in the elderly trial: Statistical analysis plan. Int J Stroke 13:335-338
Lacaze, Paul; Ryan, Joanne; Woods, Robyn et al. (2017) Pathogenic variants in the healthy elderly: unique ethical and practical challenges. J Med Ethics 43:714-722
Robman, Liubov; Guymer, Robyn; Woods, Robyn et al. (2017) Age-related macular degeneration in a randomized controlled trial of low-dose aspirin: Rationale and study design of the ASPREE-AMD study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 6:105-114
Eisen, Damon P; Moore, Elizabeth M; Leder, Karin et al. (2017) AspiriN To Inhibit SEPSIS (ANTISEPSIS) randomised controlled trial protocol. BMJ Open 7:e013636
Barker, Anna L; McNeil, John J; Seeman, Ego et al. (2016) A randomised controlled trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of fractures in healthy older people: protocol for the ASPREE-Fracture substudy. Inj Prev 22:297-301
ASPREE Investigator Group (2013) Study design of ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE): a randomized, controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 36:555-64