This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Fat infiltration of skeletal muscle is associated with risk for both type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to: 1) determine the agreement, or lack thereof, of assessment of skeletal muscle fat by two different techniques, computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), 2) determine if muscle fat measures taken from different muscles are correlated, 3) determine which technique, and which muscle, best correlates with diabetes risk, as reflected in insulin sensitivity, and 4) determine if ethnicity (black vs. white) affects the level of muscle fat, and if lower insulin sensitivity among blacks is due to greater muscle fat. To do this, 30 healthy, sedentary men (15 black, 15 white, group matched for age and BMI) between the ages of 19 and 60 will consume a weight-maintenance diet for 3 days, with energy requirements determined by indirect calorimetry. MRS and CT scans of the right thigh muscle (vastus lateralis) and right calf muscle (plantar flexor muscle group) will be performed. The subjects will undergo measurements of body skinfolds and circumferences, body composition, insulin sensitivity, lipids and hormones. The hypotheses of this study are that: 1) the two methods of measuring muscle fat will yield results that are correlated, 2) muscle fat will correlate with insulin sensitivity regardless of site, and 3) muscle fat will be greater among blacks vs. whites and will explain lower insulin sensitivity in the former.
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