This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.Proinflammatory cytokines influence the onset and course of a number of age-associated diseases. Stress and depression can substantially enhance the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Diet also influences the synthesis of these cytokines. Arachidonic acid (AA) derived (omega-6 or n-6) eicosanoids increase the production of these cytokines. In contrast, the omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can curb the production of AA-derived eicosanoids. Thus, higher n-6:n-3 ratios promote proinflammatory cytokine production. Importantly, high n-6:n-3 ratios predict greater increases in cytokines during stressful periods, as well as higher levels of depressive symptoms. Accordingly, we will examine how stress and diet interact to influence immune function and mood in 180 adults, ages 50-80. The design will be a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with supplementation over a 4-month period. Two n-3 doses will be compared to help establish the optimal intake for efficacy. Fasting blood samples to monitor changes in fatty acid levels and immunological and psychological data will be collected at baseline (0), and 1, 2, 3, and 4 months after supplementation has been initiated, providing data on the kinetics of change. To further assess the n-3 PUFA's stress-protective efficacy, mood and immunological responses to a laboratory stressor will be assessed at baseline and again at 4 months. We will also collect a final sample at 6 months to assess the sustainment of effects after discontinuation of supplementation.
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