This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The long-term objective of this research is to clarify the mechanisms that contribute to the arterial stiffening that occurs with aging and age-related diseases such as diabetes. Individuals with elevated blood sugar levels (prediabetes and diabetes) have been shown to have stiff arteries. This arterial stiffening is a risk factor for heart disease. It is not known whether arterial stiffening is due solely to elevated blood sugar or if elevated insulin levels and insulin resistance play a role. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether high insulin levels and insulin resistance are associated with arterial stiffness. This study will recruit men and women ages 40 to 80. A range of body sizes and weights will also be included. To date, no studies have been published that examine the effect of treatment of insulin resistance or glucose levels on arterial compliance. This study will provide the preliminary evidence to support further studies in patients. If an association is found between insulin resistance and arterial stiffness, a study will be designed to assess whether an intervention that improves insulin sensitivity will lead to improvement in arterial stiffness. Alternatively, if glucose appears to be the major factor associated with arterial stiffness, a study will be designed to assess the effect of lowering blood sugar levels on arterial stiffness.
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