This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Acute stress produces a cascade of physiological, and hormonal effects, including increased cardiovascular function, increases in circulating levels of stress hormones and neurotransmitter levels, and changes in mood and subjective state. Each of these effects has a distinctive time course of onset and decline after termination of the stress. Although other investigators have characterized some of these measures, no single study has included all of these effects. In particular, few studies have examined the time course of the subjective, or mood-altering effects of an acute stressor. The time course of the effects of stress on mood is particularly important in interpreting the effects of stress on mood-altering drugs, which is the aim of later planned investigations.
The aim of the proposed study is to characterize the time course of subjective, physiological and hormonal responses to acute social stress. We will describe the time course of the consequences of acute stress, including changes in subjective state (e.g., increased anxiety or stimulation), physiological signs (heart rate and blood pressure), and plasma hormone levels (cortisol, ACTH, allopregnanolone). We will compare these changes in men and women, in women at two phases of the menstrual cycle, in smokers and non-smokers, and how they are affected by specific genetic factors. The results of this comprehensive assessment are required to design and interpret the studies of stress administered in our own laboratory, using our own population of volunteers and to guide subsequent investigations of acute stress-drug interactions.
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