This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are each associated with a 5-7 fold increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Abnormalities in blood vessel function seen early in diabetes are endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness. In fact, endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness are independent predictors of cardiovascular (CV) events in adults. In adult studies, treatment of T1DM and T2DM patients with statins improved endothelial function and decreased CV events. Even reduction of putatively normal LDL has lowered the incidence of CV events in adults at high risk. Because children rarely have CV events, noninvasive surrogate measurements of arterial function may be used to predict future disease. Radial artery tonometry is a noninvasive, easily performed, and reproducible office based technique which provides an index of arterial stiffness. Using radial artery tonometry we recently demonstrated that children with T1DM have increased arterial stiffness when compared to matched controls. Several groups have demonstrated increased arterial stiffness in children with obesity, and insulin resistance. The Pediatric Atorvastatin in Diabetes Intervention Trial (PADIT) is a double blinded, randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over study to determine if a 12 week course of atorvastatin will improve arterial stiffness in children with T1DM and T2DM.
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