This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The gene product of Klotho prevents premature aging in mouse but its role in human biology is yet to be defined. The knowledge regarding the klotho protein in human biology and disease is slowly accumulating. In animal models, klotho has been implicated to contribute to osteoporosis, lipid metabolism, coronary artery disease, and longevity. Klotho transcript is primarily expressed in the kidney in rodents but klotho protein is present in the circulation as an endocrine hormone and acts on multiple organs. What factors regulate renal klotho secretion is unknown. We will establish the first human database on circulating levels of klotho protein in health and disease. In this study we will measure serum concentration of klotho in 4 adult populations (age more than 21 years): 1. Healthy volunteers, 2. Patient with varying degrees of renal failure, 3. Patients with either calcium containing or uric acid containing kidney stone.
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