This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.This study will examine the health effects of exposure to onsite wastewater systems and source of drinking water. In the first phase of the project, activities will include: 1) a national survey of state onsite sewage treatment programs, providing a summary of state concerns over onsite sewage disposal; 2) collection of available outbreak and illness information from all states; 3) collection of information on differences in soil characteristics in each state; and 4) calculation of onsite sewage system density in areas with high risk soils. Based on the information obtained in the first phase, the second phase will identify high-risk study sites. Based on a risk scoring system, three high-risk and three matched low-risk neighboring sites in three states will then be selected for focused health studies for the duration of the three years. The outcomes to be analyzed will include: reported illnesses, indicators of drinking water contamination, viruses, and serological responses to hepatitis A and Cryptosporidium parvum.
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