This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing theresources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject andinvestigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source,and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed isfor the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator.The number of obese people in the U.S. has become a serious public health problem. Currently, two-thirds of adult American women are overweight and roughly half of these are obese. This excess weight increases the risk of early death from chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, and certain cancers. Two of the causes of obesity are a sedentary lifestyle and a high-fat diet. A sedentary lifestyle leads to reduced daily energy expenditure and a slow increase in fat oxidation during a period of days when the subject is eating a high-fat diet. We think, however, this varies depending on the type of dietary fat. Diets high in monounsaturated fat, the type found in olive oil, should result in greater fat oxidation than diets high in saturated fat, the type found in meats and dairy. Healthy and overweight male and female subjects will be studied for six days each on four different occasions. Each occasion will differ in the type of dietary fat and exercise treatment. These are: (1) diet high in saturated fat with energy expenditure of 1.4 times resting metabolic rate; (2) diet high in saturated fat with about 1 hour of moderate intensity bike riding to increase energy expenditure to 1.8 times resting metabolic rate; (3) diet high in monounsaturated fat with energy expenditure of 1.4 times resting metabolic rate; (4) diet high in monounsaturated fat with 1 hour of moderate bicycle exercise to increase energy expenditure to 1.8 times resting metabolic rate. We will measure 24h macronutrient oxidation using whole room indirect calorimetry and urinary nitrogen analysis on days 1,2,3 and 5 of the protocol, and will measure blood appetite hormones, satiety, and palatibility on day 4 of the protocol. We expect that the increase in fat oxidation on the high fat diet will be greater with a high monounsaturated fat diet compared to a high saturated fat diet, and greater with exercise compared to rest .
| Burgess-Hull, Albert J; Roberts, Linda J; Piper, Megan E et al. (2018) The social networks of smokers attempting to quit: An empirically derived and validated classification. Psychol Addict Behav 32:64-75 |
| Kelly, Elizabeth A; Esnault, Stephane; Liu, Lin Ying et al. (2017) Mepolizumab Attenuates Airway Eosinophil Numbers, but Not Their Functional Phenotype, in Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 196:1385-1395 |
| Shen, Zhong-Jian; Hu, Jie; Kashi, Venkatesh P et al. (2017) Epstein-Barr Virus-induced Gene 2 Mediates Allergen-induced Leukocyte Migration into Airways. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 195:1576-1585 |
| Anderson, Halie M; Lemanske Jr, Robert F; Evans, Michael D et al. (2017) Assessment of wheezing frequency and viral etiology on childhood and adolescent asthma risk. J Allergy Clin Immunol 139:692-694 |
| Gomez, Jose L; Yan, Xiting; Holm, Carole T et al. (2017) Characterisation of asthma subgroups associated with circulating YKL-40 levels. Eur Respir J 50: |
| Kelly, Elizabeth A; Esnault, Stephane; Johnson, Sean H et al. (2016) Human eosinophil activin A synthesis and mRNA stabilization are induced by the combination of IL-3 plus TNF. Immunol Cell Biol 94:701-8 |
| Bray, Bethany C; Smith, Rachel A; Piper, Megan E et al. (2016) Transitions in Smokers' Social Networks After Quit Attempts: A Latent Transition Analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 18:2243-2251 |
| Dougherty, Ryan J; Ellingson, Laura D; Schultz, Stephanie A et al. (2016) Meeting physical activity recommendations may be protective against temporal lobe atrophy in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 4:14-7 |
| Johansson, Mats W; Evans, Michael D; Crisafi, Gina M et al. (2016) Serum periostin is associated with type 2 immunity in severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 137:1904-1907.e2 |
| Gerald, Joe K; Gerald, Lynn B; Vasquez, Monica M et al. (2015) Markers of Differential Response to Inhaled Corticosteroid Treatment Among Children with Mild Persistent Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 3:540-6.e3 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 459 publications
